My_Ref Fremen Edition - Build thread and tutorial

There is a barely audible buzz (sorry, i don't know if that's the right word for 'ronzio') but i can only hear it with my ear a few inches from tweeter and no music playing.
It seems to disappear if i use as source an ipod, so it could be a ground loop issue; i should investigate this, but i like so much what comes out of the speakers that I think I will listen to music instead 😉
 
Unless you use double insulated transformers with no mains earth connection you will most probably always get some noise, if it's not noticeable from your listening position I wouldn't bother about it. Many commercial amps also produce some hum/buzz which is audible with your ear close to the speaker. I also found it depends on what I use for a source. Enjoy your creation, the FE is a stunning amp in my opinion.
 
There is a barely audible buzz (sorry, i don't know if that's the right word for 'ronzio') but i can only hear it with my ear a few inches from tweeter and no music playing.

Benedetto, I can't see any link between chassis and safety ground.

I can see that transformers shields are tied together to one of the bolts.

I would connect them to safety ground, as all panels.

Grounding side panels (the ones you're using as heatsinks) could possibly fix your (slight) hum problem.
 
Benedetto, I can't see any link between chassis and safety ground.

I can see that transformers shields are tied together to one of the bolts.

I would connect them to safety ground, as all panels.

Grounding side panels (the ones you're using as heatsinks) could possibly fix your (slight) hum problem.

Thank you Dario, maybe it was not clear from previous pictures, but the transformers shields are tied together and with the safety ground cable with the ground bolt.

Could you please check this picture and give me your advice?

dscn2914.jpg


About the side panels i have scratched the contact point with the base panel, but did not check if the contact was good 🙂
 
What does Pin5 do in the lm318?

If it does nothing, then it does not matter that the pad is lost.

Where a Pad is lost to a Pin that is required you can add a hardwired connection.
A strand of bare copper stripped from a stranded cable will do.
0.1mm, 0.15mm & 0.2mm diameter strands are common in the smaller stranded cables.

If the wardwire strand needs insulation because it could become misplaced and touch another part of the circuit, then a short length of insulation stripped from a CAT5 cable will do. It has a bore of ~0.5mm and has fairly thin insulation, so can be made to fit into quite small spaces.
 
Last edited:
sigh taking of the lm318 i took 1 pad completely off and the other half off.

Pin 1 is unused so, as Andrew already pointed out, it's not a problem.

The other pin (half off) is connected on theother side,so it should not be problem too.

Simply, when you solder the new lm318 in place and apply solder to that pad use gently the iron to flatten it a bit.
 
Last edited:
Pin 1 is unused so, as Andrew already pointed out, it's not a problem.

The other pin (half off) is connected on theother side,so it should not be problem too.

Simply, when you solder the new lm318 in place and apply solder to that pad use gently the iron to flatten it a bit.

Just soldered the lm318 and it is a bit bumpy but all other pins look connected though. hopefully tonight i will know if im ok or not.

thanks to everyone also