Your words are flowing out like endless rain into a paper cup!If the universe is a fluid like snot, then I still maintain that it is expanding to take the shape of the container its in -- a dixie cup.

I do have a serious point beyond trying to make a profit on stamps. That's just a bit of fun.
Have discovered that the questions of our Universes 13.8 Bn. years lifetime is not incompatible with a 90 Bn. lightyears diameter.
Is there anything beyond the universe? | Space
The first video is vague rubbish, IMO. But the Spaceman talks a sort of sense.
Can't wait to hear his ideas why Neutrinos are the WORST particles in the Universe. I detest them myself! 😀
Have discovered that the questions of our Universes 13.8 Bn. years lifetime is not incompatible with a 90 Bn. lightyears diameter.
Is there anything beyond the universe? | Space
The first video is vague rubbish, IMO. But the Spaceman talks a sort of sense.
Can't wait to hear his ideas why Neutrinos are the WORST particles in the Universe. I detest them myself! 😀
"Booger" on this side. Over here "bogey" is a golf term. 😎"bogey"
I remember discussing that question back on page 592.Have discovered that the questions of our Universes 13.8 Bn. years lifetime is not incompatible with a 90 Bn. lightyears diameter.
Is there anything beyond the universe? | Space
46 billion light years is the radius of the observable universe. Beyond that radius, even light emitted at the Big Bang will not have had sufficient time to reach us.
Beyond 46 billion light years the rest of the universe is unobservable. How big the whole universe is depends on its topology. If the universe curves back on itself then the universe may be at least 23 trillion light years in diameter, and contain a volume of space that's over 15 million times as large as the volume we can observe.
You wouldn't believe how much is written on this topic!"Booger" on this side. Over here "bogey" is a golf term. 😎
Separated by a Common Language: bogy, bogey, boogie, booger
A Yorkshireman would call me "a silly booger"! 😀

P.S. A Yorkshireman is said to be a Scotsman with all the generosity squeezed out of him!
My Friends, you ought to consider a trip on the Bergen-Oslo Railway!
The most exciting Journey in the Universe, IMO.
Bergensbanen - The Bergen Railway - one of the world's most amazing train journeys - YouTube
Going from Myrdal to the highest icy point Finse just blew my mind. It's single track. Any more would have been even more challenging in Engineering terms. 🙂
The most exciting Journey in the Universe, IMO.
Bergensbanen - The Bergen Railway - one of the world's most amazing train journeys - YouTube
Going from Myrdal to the highest icy point Finse just blew my mind. It's single track. Any more would have been even more challenging in Engineering terms. 🙂
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Just seen on the usenet:
The electron may consist of 2 particles:
New evidence for electron’s dual nature found in a quantum spin liquid
The electron may consist of 2 particles:
New evidence for electron’s dual nature found in a quantum spin liquid
The dual split experiment tought me something about observing waves.
Sometimes I wonder what Schrodinger would think about fractals 🙂
Sometimes I wonder what Schrodinger would think about fractals 🙂
Just seen on the usenet:
The electron may consist of 2 particles:
New evidence for electron’s dual nature found in a quantum spin liquid
Clearly an interesting realignment of thought! 😀
AFAIK, there are two sorts of Electrons. Spin UP and Spin DOWN. That's about it.
I, along with Erwin Schrödinger, never considered them separate particles. But will give it further thought. 😎
The electron may consist of 2 particles:
New evidence for electron’s dual nature found in a quantum spin liquid
The spin-containing particle is called a spinon and it is hoped to see signs of it in a quantum spin liquid: Quantum spin liquid - Wikipedia"In the quantum regime an electron may be regarded as composed of two particles, one bearing the electron’s negative charge and the other containing its spin."
All that's spinning at the moment is my head!

New evidence for electron’s dual nature found in a quantum spin liquid
I didn't understand much of it. Seems the spin is a spinon, the charge is a Holon and there is a third Energy quantity called an Orbiton. And its something to do with quantum tunneling at low temperature, which is how the electrons can get past each other (being Fermions, they wouldn't be able to do this normally).
But apparently this might lead to quantum memory.
The spin-containing particle is called a spinon and it is hoped to see signs of it in a quantum spin liquid:
I didn't understand much of it. Seems the spin is a spinon, the charge is a Holon and there is a third Energy quantity called an Orbiton. And its something to do with quantum tunneling at low temperature, which is how the electrons can get past each other (being Fermions, they wouldn't be able to do this normally).
But apparently this might lead to quantum memory.
The name "Holon" comes from Greek philosophy: Something that is simultaneously a whole in and of itself, as well as a part of a larger whole.
It seems all of this was predicted back in the 1980s. 😱
We all know that an electron behaves like a wave, but when an electron is excited within a material the wave splits into multiple waves, each carrying different characteristics of the electron.
However, these characteristics, described as quasiparticles, cannot exist independently outside the material.
As you say, Steve, these quasiparticles are of interest in the field of quantum computing as well as superconductivity.
It seems all of this was predicted back in the 1980s. 😱
Not-quite-so elementary, my dear electron : Nature News & CommentIsolated electrons cannot be split into smaller components, earning them the designation of a fundamental particle. But in the 1980s, physicists predicted that electrons in a one-dimensional chain of atoms could be split into three quasiparticles: a ‘holon’ carrying the electron’s charge, a ‘spinon’ carrying its spin (an intrinsic quantum property related to magnetism) and an ‘orbiton’ carrying its orbital location
We all know that an electron behaves like a wave, but when an electron is excited within a material the wave splits into multiple waves, each carrying different characteristics of the electron.
However, these characteristics, described as quasiparticles, cannot exist independently outside the material.
As you say, Steve, these quasiparticles are of interest in the field of quantum computing as well as superconductivity.
To boldly split the electron is to boldly split the infinitive!...entering the age that can split the electron.

Yes, and you disappear at warp speed😀To boldly split the electron is to boldly split the infinitive!![]()
I've been finding out more about quasiparticles. 😎
We're used to classifying subatomic particles as either bosons or fermions.
Bosons are the force carrying particles (like the photon), while fermions are the matter particles (like the electron).
Mathematically, there has always been another possibility, that of particles (or excitations) that emerge from the activity of other particles in a material.
These quasiparticles or emergent particles are called anyons and they can never exist outside of the material on their own.
Although anyons have just been discovered in the past year, their existence has been predicted since the 1980s.
However, you’ll never come across anyons in your everyday life. Unlike the bosons and fermions that make up everything familiar to us, anyons exist only in two-dimensional materials cooled to near absolute zero and subjected to strong magnetic fields.
Read more about anyons and their potential use in quantum computing here:
Bosons, Fermions and Anyons: What Are the Three Particle Kingdoms in the Quantum World? | Discover Magazine
We're used to classifying subatomic particles as either bosons or fermions.
Bosons are the force carrying particles (like the photon), while fermions are the matter particles (like the electron).
Mathematically, there has always been another possibility, that of particles (or excitations) that emerge from the activity of other particles in a material.
These quasiparticles or emergent particles are called anyons and they can never exist outside of the material on their own.
Although anyons have just been discovered in the past year, their existence has been predicted since the 1980s.
However, you’ll never come across anyons in your everyday life. Unlike the bosons and fermions that make up everything familiar to us, anyons exist only in two-dimensional materials cooled to near absolute zero and subjected to strong magnetic fields.
Read more about anyons and their potential use in quantum computing here:
Bosons, Fermions and Anyons: What Are the Three Particle Kingdoms in the Quantum World? | Discover Magazine
Anyons can have properties intermediate between bosons and fermions, including fractional electric charge.
This anything-goes behaviour inspired Frank Wilczek, in 1982, to come up with the name any-ons or anyons.
Frank Wilczek - Wikipedia
This anything-goes behaviour inspired Frank Wilczek, in 1982, to come up with the name any-ons or anyons.
Frank Wilczek - Wikipedia
Frank Wilczek should ring some bells here in our linquiring thread:
https://www.quantamagazine.org/frank-wilczek-cracked-open-the-cosmos-20210112/
He got a Nobel prize for Asymptotic Freedom which calculated the force between Quarks in 1973. He then inflicted the deeply baffling Axions on us as Dark Matter candidates. Remember them? Anyons seem even more baffling. 😱
I enjoyed Brian Greene, author of the baffling "The Elegant Universe" string theory book. On Desert Island Discs on Friday on the Beeb.
BBC Radio 4 - Desert Island Discs, Brian Greene
Many interesting anecdotes, physics theories, and quite heavy taste in music. His dad, Alan Greene, wrote that lovely song "Turn Around" for Harry Belafonte. 😎
https://www.quantamagazine.org/frank-wilczek-cracked-open-the-cosmos-20210112/
He got a Nobel prize for Asymptotic Freedom which calculated the force between Quarks in 1973. He then inflicted the deeply baffling Axions on us as Dark Matter candidates. Remember them? Anyons seem even more baffling. 😱
I enjoyed Brian Greene, author of the baffling "The Elegant Universe" string theory book. On Desert Island Discs on Friday on the Beeb.
BBC Radio 4 - Desert Island Discs, Brian Greene
Many interesting anecdotes, physics theories, and quite heavy taste in music. His dad, Alan Greene, wrote that lovely song "Turn Around" for Harry Belafonte. 😎
Coming from the age that split the atom, entering the age that can split the electron.
Is it true Rutherford's laundry service provided inspiration for him, when he bent down to pick up the dropped change, and his pants split?
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