Richard Lee's Ultra low Noise MC Head Amp

Heyyy SYN08..... Result of your gracious sharing of gerbers :)

One question though, where do you source those 3900uF polymer cap´s??
I´m having a really hard time finding anything larger than 1500uF (if that big) over here.

DigiKey 493-3103-ND

With 4 of these, the LF bump is less than 0.05dB, I guess you could use lower values like 1500uF without much damage.

syn08, this is an excellent and accurate description of a my wonky virtual earth. :) Guru Hans shows Duraglit is equivalent to this ... as is #375

Thanks, but I'm afraid this description doesn't fit the Duraglit. To start with, the Duraglit has the gain dependent on the bias. I don't like the Duraglit because of the beta dependent bias and gain.

Interesting data point, currently #375 is fed by a 24V wall wart, through an extra 7815 regulator as shown in the photos. I ordered and received today a MeanWell good quality 18V/6W switching power supply, to lower as much as possible the power dissipation (keeping the 7815 in place, 3V across, another 3V across the 317 current sources).

The experiment was a disaster. The level of hum (60Hz and harmonics) increased one order of magnitude, and was clearly audible even at moderate sound levels. I would expect some switching crud from a SMPS, perhaps affecting the noise, but mains hum??? The MeanWell AC/DC is far away (over 3ft) from the shielded pre, the hum effect is also very measurable on the bench. Very strange.

I'll stay with the classic AC/DC 24V adapter for the time being...

Nice PCB’s. Where did you have them produced.
I always used Beta LAYOUT, but they are becoming almost prohibitive expensive.

I used lately JLCPCB, 10 such boards would cost $6 plus shipping. Since it's under our canadian max $20 value, no fees or taxes in the custom (which I know could be a PITA in Europe). I usually pay for DHL shipping, no outrageous CODs from the courier. A total of about $3/board delivered at the door, I can live with that :D. Quality is also very good as far as I can tell, they also have 4 layers for cheap (up to 10x10cm) and the controlled impedance traces (in two versions, for my microwave fun) are free!
 
DigiKey 493-3103-ND

With 4 of these, the LF bump is less than 0.05dB, I guess you could use lower values like 1500uF without much damage.

Thanks for (all) the info :) :). Just found them at Mouser too, around same price, and have also floating around somewhere 2700 Sanyo Oscon SEPC to try out.

Hans.... got them made at PCBWay. 10 pieces. 24 hours from confirmation of gerbers to "ready to ship". 27USD including shipping. No extra taxes. 48 hours from China to Denmark with DHL Worldwide Express. I do not believe, that any other company can beat that :) :) :)
 
Thanks for (all) the info :) :). Just found them at Mouser too, around same price, and have also floating around somewhere 2700 Sanyo Oscon SEPC to try out.

Hans.... got them made at PCBWay. 10 pieces. 24 hours from confirmation of gerbers to "ready to ship". 27USD including shipping. No extra taxes. 48 hours from China to Denmark with DHL Worldwide Express. I do not believe, that any other company can beat that :) :) :)

JLCPCB does beat that :D. I was using PCBWay myself, until they crapped the quality. I got twice boards for 0201 SMD with the solder mask so badly misaligned they were unusable. I had to file complaints, they redid the orders to an acceptable quality, but of course the delays were on me. No problem for boards like these you just got, of course.

A practical advice, it would be very difficult to solder the LEDs using a regular soldering iron without melting the LED plastic casing. After tinning the LED PCB pads, I placed the LEDs in position and used a hot air soldering tool from the bottom of the board to heat up to the solder melting point. The LEDs will slide and self aligh right in the position. 100% success! Therefore, start assembling the boards with the LEDs.
 
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Soft Magnetic Materials for Audio Transformers: History, Production, and Applications

This is a fascinating article with much of practical use today. IIRC, Old Man Sowter talks about 'glass metal' cores which might the special 'ferrites' that Marik uses in his transformers & ribbons.
Also available here for non AES members (entitled 'GAVSowter')
Thanks for this Karl.
I am pretty sure that 'glass metal' is what we call in the 21st century 'amorphous core' and is std or an option on most MC trafos now.
.. which makes me even more curious about Marik's 'ferrite' cores :confused:
____________________
One question though, where do you source those 3900uF polymer cap´s??
gerhad said:
< PLG0E392MDO1 Nichicon | Kondensatoren | DigiKey >
Air transport is free for parts value > €50. Less than 2 days usually to my doorstep.
They use UPS.
Just a reminder to LISTEN to the important base caps. syn08 had good experiences with polymers but not gerhad. Problem will appear as 'greater than 1/f noise' if you use a spectrum analyser ... and usually sounds 'crackly'.

You'll have to dredge the thread to find chapter, verse & other info from the cap gurus .. but IIRC gerhad found cheapo Rubycons to be trouble free & quiet. This was my experience with tantalums from da 70s up to this Millenium.
 
Thanks, but I'm afraid this description doesn't fit the Duraglit. To start with, the Duraglit has the gain dependent on the bias. I don't like the Duraglit because of the beta dependent bias and gain.

Interesting data point, currently #375 is fed by a 24V wall wart, through an extra 7815 regulator as shown in the photos. I ordered and received today a MeanWell good quality 18V/6W switching power supply, to lower as much as possible the power dissipation (keeping the 7815 in place, 3V across, another 3V across the 317 current sources).

The experiment was a disaster. The level of hum (60Hz and harmonics) increased one order of magnitude, and was clearly audible even at moderate sound levels. I would expect some switching crud from a SMPS, perhaps affecting the noise, but mains hum??? The MeanWell AC/DC is far away (over 3ft) from the shielded pre, the hum effect is also very measurable on the bench. Very strange.

I'll stay with the classic AC/DC 24V adapter for the time being...
Try make a common mode filter for the dc output. Ferrite core run through several times.
 
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I have to say, every so often a thread like this comes along where, despite my inability to contribute anything useful something new and interesting emerges and gets built. Two thumbs up.

Ovidiu: Would you mind if I posted the pic of your completed unit on another forum I vist. I think will fuse the brains of some of the people there :)
 
I have to say, every so often a thread like this comes along where, despite my inability to contribute anything useful something new and interesting emerges and gets built. Two thumbs up.

Ovidiu: Would you mind if I posted the pic of your completed unit on another forum I vist. I think will fuse the brains of some of the people there :)
That would be $1000, thank you very much :D.

Sure, go ahead.

Try make a common mode filter for the dc output. Ferrite core run through several times.
This is the first thing I tried, no cigar. Once again this is about plain vanilla 60Hz hum, not some RF crud collected from the mains.
 
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A lot of them have Y caps from mains to output (!).

Switched mode power supplies use what is known as a "flyback converter" to provide voltage conversion and galvanic isolation. A core component of this converter is a high frequency transformer.

Practical transformers have some stray capacitance between primary and secondary windings. This capacitance interacts with the switching operation of the converter. If there is no other connection between input and output this will result in a high frequency voltage between the output and input.

This is really bad from an EMC perspective. The cables from the power brick are now essentially acting as an antenna transmitting the high frequency generated by the switching process.

To suppress the high frequency common mode is is necessary to put capacitors between the input and output side of the power supply with a capacitance substantially higher than the capacitance in the flyback transformer. This effectively shorts out the high frequency and prevents it escaping from the device.

When desinging a class 2 (unearthed) PSU we have no choice but to connect these capacitors to the input "live" and/or "neutral". Since most of the world doesn't enforce polarity on unearthed sockets we have to assume that either or both of the "live" and "neutral" terminals may be at a sinificant voltage relative to earth and we usually end up with a symmetrical design as a "least bad option". That is why if you measure the output of a class 2 PSU relative to mains earth with a high impedance meter you will usually see around half the mains voltage.

That means on a class 2 PSU we have a difficult tradeoff between safety and EMC. Making the capacitors bigger improves EMC but also results in higher "touch current" (the current that will flow through someone or something who touches the output of the PSU and mains earth). This tradeoff becomes more problematic as the PSU gets bigger (and hence the stray capacitance in the transformer gets bigger).
 
A lot of them have Y caps from mains to output (!).


All true, but I still don't understand what has this to do with the mains frequency harmonics. The filtering is very good (and unchanged from when using a regular AC/DC wall wart), the extra linear regulator has very good line regulation at 60Hz, nothing seems to justify the observed behavior.
 
Thanks, but I'm afraid this description doesn't fit the Duraglit. To start with, the Duraglit has the gain dependent on the bias. I don't like the Duraglit because of the beta dependent bias and gain.

Interesting data point, currently #375 is fed by a 24V wall wart, through an extra 7815 regulator as shown in the photos. I ordered and received today a MeanWell good quality 18V/6W switching power supply, to lower as much as possible the power dissipation (keeping the 7815 in place, 3V across, another 3V across the 317 current sources).

The experiment was a disaster. The level of hum (60Hz and harmonics) increased one order of magnitude, and was clearly audible even at moderate sound levels. I would expect some switching crud from a SMPS, perhaps affecting the noise, but mains hum??? The MeanWell AC/DC is far away (over 3ft) from the shielded pre, the hum effect is also very measurable on the bench. Very strange.

I'll stay with the classic AC/DC 24V adapter for the time being...
I had the same experience with +/- 24 v meanwell smps units. I used them to power a 60dB 1nV/rtHz flat amp to analyze sweeps from a flat recorded LP’s. Results were rather disappointing. When replacing the meanwells by 2x 24V lead batteries, noise went down drastically and FR became nice and flat. The only way I could tame the meanwells was with TPS7A4700 voltage regulators.

Hans

P.s. The 60dB amp had internal Jung Didden regulators to bring the supply to +/18 V
 
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I had the same experience with +/- 24 v meanwell smps units. I used them to power a 60dB 1nV/rtHz flat amp to analyze sweeps from a flat recorded LP’s. Results were rather disappointing.

Interesting that this comes up today. Last week I got some IRM20-xx from a local distributor and found them quite OK at first sight. I used them for powering a digital phase noise measuring machine on 5 and 12V. They ran somewhat warm at 2/3 rated load. I need some more to power the SMA coax relays of a delay line (3*2 relays 1P6T at 24/28V, which to my surprise turned out to be the biggest consumer). And another 12V converter for the ovenized reference crystal oscillator that will run 24/7.

I saw them at DK and noted that they are the cheapest ones I could get. I also found that there is a MRM30 series with 50% more power and with specs for medical devices, i.e. controlled crosstalk etc; I put them on my DK list that I'll trigger on Monday with the other missing parts I'll find over the weekend. The medical version does not cost too much more.

< MPM-30-24 MEAN WELL USA Inc. | Spannungsversorgungen - Kartenmontage | DigiKey >
 
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Someone mentioned a few posts bs k that an MC cart puts out about 100 uA. I don’t think there’s a problem.
That 100uA would be at large signal (0VU?) into a heavy load. Hawksford discussed the case of small signals and conventional light loading. What midband output at say -60dBVU could we agree on? 0.2mV at 0dBVU would be 200nV RMS (back to MC phono stages again).

200nV across 2000 Ohms is 100pA RMS. Still a goodly number of electrons jostling around, but the question is still in my thoughts. Hawksford actually framed the question in terms of the number of charge carriers injected into an input transistor, much smaller still.

Much thanks,
Chris