Taramps DS 1200X4 turns on but sounds distorted

That's more of what I'd expect. I'll have to do some more reading to see if I can find why it's not functioning. If it was not new, I'd think it was defective. It's possible that it was damaged by heat when being soldered in but I can't find any strange readings from what you posted. It's going to have to wait until tomorrow.
 
With the shutdown bridged with a wire, connect your scope to it close to the board. Confirm that all of the voltages are very near what you posted in #25. Then clip the jumper and let the CSD capacitor charge.

Approximately how long does it take to reach 10v?

Do you get audio from the amplifier?