Folded Horn Acoustic Guitar Patent # 10,777,172

Oh yes JJ, I very much want to record and post here. I have ideas and concerns:

I did some recording with my iPhone with mixed results, I need to be careful about what I post. If the sound does not capture what I am hearing live, especially with people hearing through their laptop speakers, I am reluctant. I like using an iPhone because it is easy, and will give audio and video. I want people to see what I am doing along with hearing the results.

Yes the measurement mic will be great for this of course, but still want video. My end goal is to post everything on a website for marketing.
I really need to get some better audio/video recording equipment to do this. Hearing it live is such a good experience, need to be careful, especially since I hope to have this guitar in production.

I would first like to play a great song from my iPhone, by one of my favorite bands, through the horns uncovered (meaning they are not horns at all) and then with the horns covered (the real thing). Just to hear music through the horns that has nothing to do with my guitar. What is the guitar "stereo" capable of on its own? I know this, but want to make sure others can hear the real thing.

Then I want to play the same acoustic guitar I am using, same room, zero electronics or horn, get that for a basis. It will sound weak, I assure you.

Then play this acoustic guitar through my horns, and hear the 20-30 dB increase, and also the great tone. I hope it will be very convincing IF recorded correctly, and others have a decent sound on their end.

Of course I will never be able to match the live sound, I will need to travel and play for people live, and let them play this guitar. No way to match this, especially when the sound is coming through the guitar itself as never before.

Not sure I want to compare to an amp without doing it live. I think not needing an amp at all is a very good selling point, and I think it is great to play with sound through the guitar, and not an amp further away so it does not feedback, but not sure others will agree with this. I know there are many people out there who love their guitar and amp setup, which I am sure is great, just a different experience. In no way do I want to convince people other options are not great, there are many great options, mine is just different.

Also the best sound (hopefully) will be the guitar 100% complete. Seeing how that has not happened yet, I can not honestly say this will be without problems, you never know. I may need to wait until I reach that point, so it is 100% proven that all works well, but really want to post soon instead.

This project is 90% joy and 10% fear! I posted testimonials to remind myself how kind everybody has been. I am usually very upbeat, but sometimes I get discouraged due to the slow progress and problems (but they always get solved). Everything is pointing to success, but I have been around long enough to know there are no guarantees. I am very excited about the future of this guitar, but still have work to do. Setup class in three weeks, lets rock!
 

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No doubt that you could record an iPhone video, get that into something like iMovie (what else?) and simultaneously record audio on another device - then splice that audio onto the video track in sync. Allowing things like...better mic, binaural stereo recording, a second take on the audio for a better sounding track - without anyone really noticing.

I dunno, I'd be as interested in hearing a commercial song track through your horns about as much as through some guitar amp. "Dreams" by Fleetwood Mac through a Fender Princeton. Wouldnt do as much for me as a "1982 Gibson Chet Atkins Electric Nylon String Guitar" as input. Or a Country Gentleman for steel, both being played nicely.

Understanding your caution about releasing something that sounds crappy and having it "get out". Probably not going to happen here. You'd link to the hosted recording file, then after those who've been participating in this thread have downloaded and heard it, just delete the file. I'd certainly do so on my end, after a couple listens...like I do with all those .pdfs 🙂

The db increase your horns will provide is variable, depending on the volume setting of the amplifier. If it were me, I'd shoot for +6db louder than the acoustic SPL alone for sound quality demonstration, then go for as loud as it will go before uncontrollable feedback as the rock 'n roll demo. You should be able to get a calibrated SPL measure out of REW and your USB mic, if you have / can get the cal file for that mic's serial #.

To be meaningful, the mic has to be some reasonable distance from the guitar and then, same for guitar / amp / horn speaker combo. Is 1 to 2 Meters doable in whatever space you could record in?
 
JJ have you checked out the horn speaker videos on YouTube, the guys that have massive horns? They are pretty awesome, and yes I can hear the different frequencies easily, but still not great sound through a laptop. I use headphones and the sound is so much better. My guess is most people just use their laptop speakers, not headphones, or a better system to listen. I have 16,000 hits on this post (of course repeats), and usually get about 1,000 per month, which is great! diyAudio people get it, no doubt. I am thinking about who will listen on a website, and how to make the guitar sound really hit them.

I just need to do it, on my list, which of course is always about the same length. Make some progress, take it off the list, get some ideas from others and myself, add to the list! This weekend I need to experiment with my new sound with two pickups. I really need to play guitar for at least two hours straight, different songs, different tone settings...this really gets me into the music groove, then maybe I can record, it will happen eventually.

I also need to work on my standard Dreadnought guitar kit, great way to learn, trying to layout and brace the curved back this weekend, have some good fixturing from Ian. I also have a better connection with a great wood supplier in Alaska for larger pieces of Sitka Spruce for the top. Also can start laying out and screwing the Folded Horn Acoustic Guitar chamber divider to the body, no glue, needs to come apart many times!

I also snagged an REW pic from a horn guy that had a pretty flat FR, but saw some FR shots off to the side in the background, maybe before smoothing was completed, had much more peaks, I wonder about that, could not see the resolution on the screen.

I will need to record some good jazz chord progressions, some good blues, and "Blackbird" finger picking. I like to play it easy, increase the intensity, then repeat the ending about five times, and each one gets slower and softer, really helps hear what this guitar can do. BTW don't delete the pdf's keep them and share them please! Let's rock!
 
I really need to play guitar for at least two hours straight, different songs, different tone settings...this really gets me into the music groove, then maybe I can record, it will happen eventually.
Yeah. I almost said here "I will if you do!" ;')

Played a few songs at an open mic last Wednesday; tonights the night and instead, I'm sitting here in my PJs after a shower. I feel I'm just not up to performance level, even if there is only 3 people 1/3 my age in the audience who are all positive and encouraging. My playing sounds like I'm struggling, rather than swinging it freely; didnt practice at all this week, which is a shame as covid season approaches. I wont go to the open mic in the middle of winter. Just starting to get cold here, that opportunities door is closing.

I'd also have to arrange microphones so any recording I do is something more than just me playing. I've made some good binaural mic recordings with the capsules stuck in my ears; tricked my wife into thinking the stereo speakers were playing when it was just the headphones she was wearing making sound. It would be kinda like "from my perspective"; should come out as "what I hear" when playing the nylon string acoustic guitar.

Figuring most of the youtube crowd all just use headphones / earbuds these days, so the from my perspective recording idea should fit well there. I know it should be from the audience's perspective, just to be a bit different for the sake of not "shoulding on myself" again. It'll be a trick to get a good recording; when I recorded the stereo's sound with in-ear mics, I sat perfectly still. Playing a guitar and singing with in-ear mics will likely introduce some mic cord-bumping and other mechanically conducted artifacts into the sound.
 
Your REW picture looks like what you have posted before, lots of horn gain over roughly a decade of response from 100-1000 Hz.

Here in Ormond Beach,we had strong swirly winds, and heavy rain.
Electricity was restored on Friday, less than 24 hours of outage, glad Ian had lost most of it’s power before reaching us.
Weather has been clear last few days, the retention pond is draining after rising about 2 feet above the drain grates, about one foot below the apartment floor level. Too close for comfort, but no mopping required.
Damages around our apartment complex are pretty minimal, some trim and shingles lost, our vehicles are all fine, but ready to move back to New Mexico..

Art
 
Hello Art, JJ and all - good to hear all is OK with you in Florida Art. Yes my FR is similar to what I posted before, I keep getting generally the same results, but of course this changes somewhat based on the input/song/type of guitar playing.

I am observing/hearing plenty (a scientific method), and of course have some good data.

Data is tricky, as it has many variables. Believe me I can show you plenty of Fluid Dynamics data/analysis that was not correct, it happens. Nothing is perfect, I need to use data, study data to help improve, and interpret data based on real observation (what I hear). My attached file has some observational notes. I know they are not perfect, but they are worth considering, please comment!

I am really getting into the Overlays tool in REW, what a great way to view FR data, and compare and consider improvements, especially for my product that is a producer and reproducer in one product.

I am going to compare each guitar string (by itself) from standard acoustic guitar to Folded Horn Acoustic guitar, why not, lets see what happens.

I did the guitar in and out of room comparison, not that much different, encouraging.

I will also compare a standard acoustic guitar and amp to the Folded Horn Acoustic Guitar.

Another method that might show good results is comparing easy finger picking to somewhat heavy rock and roll bar chords, and/or blues jazz chords. Comments always encouraged, let me have it and thanks! Joe
 

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Pink noise is a good source of data, as it contains virtually all frequencies at the same level (in an nth octave band analysis), so when it goes through something like a speaker, the colorations show up on the otherwise rail flat frequency spectrum. REW will generate it for you and output it on your laptop's headphone out;

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Like any other sound, once you get accustomed to the pink noise "waterfall" sound, you can start to hear a speaker characteristics that are showing up in the analysis plot. Give it a try!
 
Wow, great info JJ, the Pink Noise is on my list (again), I will try it eventually! Tonight I want to record on my iPhone again. When listening on my laptop, it sucked, laptop speakers are horrible, and I have a brand new four processor laptop. Then I listened through my headphones, so much better! I can really hear the bass pop. In fact it almost sounds like a bass player along with the acoustic guitar (exaggeration I know, but that is what I thought at first listen).

Looking at my FR again, the sub bass (40-70 Hz) was 10-15 dB louder. It went from a very low 50 dB (avg.) to a more respectable (but still relatively low) 65 dB (avg.) My question is: how do 3" speakers that have a FR of 150 Hz -20,000 Hz increase dB in the 40-70 Hz range? Is it the horns? This is the type of bass "through the roof" sound I hear with my horns and Allman Brothers music from my iPhone (of course a fantastic bass player is rocking that). What gives? Is it possible that the horns can actually improve the tone of an acoustic guitar? Did not think that was possible, just wanted to maintain the great tone, now I have other dreams.

I am going to send out some links so everybody can hear this, now that I know there can be quality. Hopefully soon, I will see (hear) how it goes tonight. Lets rock!
 
Looking at my FR again, the sub bass (40-70 Hz) was 10-15 dB louder.
I'll repeat from post #267, a frequency response measurement compares an input signal to an output signal.
Your screen shots of of a song played through a cabinet only show a spectrum of the frequencies being reproduced at the time of the capture.
My question is: how do 3" speakers that have a FR of 150 Hz -20,000 Hz increase dB in the 40-70 Hz range? Is it the horns?

Without a a frequency response measurement it is impossible to know the increase or decrease in level compared to the signal being reproduced, though as can be seen in the simulations in post #225, a horn bandpass, or bass reflex enclosure can increase level below the free-air resonance of a speaker by a large amount.
Explanation of "how" includes impedance transformation and a lot of other stuff that has filled many books and articles on the subjects 🙂 .
Is it possible that the horns can actually improve the tone of an acoustic guitar?
Subjectively, any change in response can be perceived as either an "improvement" or a degradation in tone. If one likes the sound of added peaks and dips, increased low mid range, reduced highs, horns like you have built could be perceived as an actual tone improvement...

Art
 
Agree, but a spectrum of the frequencies being reproduced is important to me, especially when I compare to another instrument, or another amp. Attached shows my guitar compared to a Grand Piano and a Fender Amp. I know it is not a true FR from guitar to horns, but since I have a producer and reproducer, I need to hear both together, as they can not be separated when this is assembled and played.

Fender makes great amps, and I like this Acoustasonic 40, it has plenty of power, but the electronics are too big to fit in my guitar. It has two 6-1/2" speakers, (which also could not fit in my guitar) so the lows hold up well, but why in the world does it dip off so early? Note the harmonics are similar.

My guitar is also louder than a grand piano, notice the harmonics are similar.

I finished bracing my Dreadnought kit soundboard, so ready for class Friday. Speaking of, I found this great writeup in my guitar book, which I think has the greatest photos/writeups of any guitar book, loaded with beautiful and innovative instruments (Hand Made Hand Played - Robert Shaw). Ian's guitar is in there, really nice, I wonder how it sounds?

While the iPhone through headphones (instead of laptop speakers) is much better, I still do not think it is good enough, so I bought a Tascam eight track recorder, that should do the trick. I just hope Art and JJ do not get tired of teaching me! Let's rock! Joe
 

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One more thing Art, if I compared the blue (acoustic guitar only) to the green (acoustic guitar with horns played from a different room), would that be a fair FR input to output? I could actually measure the dB differences from each frequency (OK not ALL of them 🙂) myself and plot it in Excel (unless REW can do that).

I can see in the 250 Hz to 1500 Hz, it is pretty consistent, might get +/- 5 dB, fairly flat, and might be improved with pickup and amp tone controls. I can also see at about 80 Hz and about 180 Hz I get those crazy peaks (not sure why), and the difference would not provide a very flat FR at all. Those are the areas that might be improved, but I would really need a good equalizer to tune specific frequencies. I have seen some small ones that might fit in the guitar.
 

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Agree, but a spectrum of the frequencies being reproduced is important to me,
OK, if true, then you'll endeavor to try the pink noise test. Why? Because pink noise contains "all" frequencies at the same level (re REW's nth octave analysis) so it's easy to see what frequencies remain intact, which are removed when this particular sound passes through a speaker system.

On one speaker I built and tested in this way, a couple of big dips in the otherwise fairly flat FR show up;

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The physical design of the cabinet is somehow sucking out frequencies at what looks like 90 and 180 Hz. Why? that's the kind of question you'd get to ask providing this type of data. Along with, of course, the physical design of the cabinet (horn in your case)...

The electrical input to the speakers looks like this;

FFT across 8 Ohms.jpg


See how what goes in is pretty flat compared to what comes out? Above is actually the output of a cheap ebay class D amplifier playing a 15 minute Pink noise .mp3 file copied to an SD card, which it plays when powered up like it would any other music. It runs off batteries so I can take it outside and play it through a speaker, while I run REW on my laptop. Requiring no AC, that test setup can be easily brought to the middle of nowhere; but usually just my backyard...
 
I knew you were going to say that JJ, and you are correct! Part of my problem is I travel a lot for work, so I generally only do this on weekends, but it will happen. I am even more interested in doing this to correct the 80 and 180 Hz peaks I am seeing. Is there something going on in these areas that happens often? I see you have this problem in the same areas, just a coincidence? Stay tuned!
 
One more thing Art, if I compared the blue (acoustic guitar only) to the green (acoustic guitar with horns played from a different room), would that be a fair FR input to output? I could actually measure the dB differences from each frequency (OK not ALL of them 🙂) myself and plot it in Excel (unless REW can do that).
Again, a frequency response measurement compares an input signal to an output signal. You can't compare green or blue guitars used as an input with REW, you need a dual channel FFT like SMAART to do that.

REW uses a swept sine wave of a user specified fixed level amplitude as an input signal to plot frequency response over whatever range you choose.

Room modes will often show up as peaks or dips in response when the measurement mic picks up both the source and boundary reflections, the reflections can add constructively or destructively depending on the distance and wavelength.
 
Yeah I know Art, I need to communicate this as a Frequency Comparison, not a Frequency Response. I am comparing guitars as you mention.
REW is as far as I am going, the FFT SMAART sounds intriguing for sure, but I need to stay on my build path.

My goal is to get honest comparisons, for myself of course, but also for marketing this guitar. I am highly interested in how this improves an
acoustic guitar (comparison), and also how it compares to other instruments. I know many guitar players will judge it by their ear, and how it feels to them,
but I also need good data to show people online. My Tascam equipment arrived, so time to have fun with that!

JJ I have Saturday night scheduled for pink noise fun. I am intrigued by your pink noise output, so that motivates me. Maybe I will find some
degradation, then I need to figure out how to fix it. I am thinking about adding some simple wood pieces to horns to change shape, as I did before Art,
with your suggestions earlier, but I did not have REW at the time, so that could be a very interesting experiment.

I listened to Paul Simon again tonight, and his acoustic guitar sounds great, no doubt through a very high end system. Then I think of the acoustic guitar amp
data I posted earlier, and how it drops off so significantly from 450 Hz to 1500 Hz. Why? Any comments on this please. I mean my horns make this amp look bad on paper, is it true I wonder? Maybe that is why I don't get a warm and fuzzy with an acoustic guitar through and amp. Maybe it is not the amp, but the nature of an acoustic guitar through a small amp? I need to test a different amp.

I could probs put better equipment in this guitar, but then it would be the size of a cello! 🤣

Also any comments about my guitar having higher dB (and flatter) than a grand piano? Another good comparison.

When I play a song through the horns with my iPhone, the bass is so strong (due to an actual bass player being involved) I need to turn the treble
way up to 7 or 8 to balance, and it rocks. My point is the bass response is so strong, with just a guitar, it will boost the sub bass as I mentioned before.
When I play the guitar, my tone controls don't need to be high, sometimes have the bass on zero, and treble never above 3-4, that is a good sign.

Comments welcome! Joe
 
Glad to read you're going to give it a shot. Pink noise / nth octave analysis is one type REW can do, as Art mentioned, swept sine is another. That's more complicated, as it needs a two channel I/O box with one channel dedicated to "sync" so it can do the gated measurement. That was developed to reduce or eliminate the sonic effects of the room on the measurement.

You USB mic, AFAICT, doesnt have two channels where one can be used as "sync", so the swept sine would be best done outside, where the gated measurement isnt needed.

I've been hounding you about the pink noise as it seems easiest for now with the equipment you have. Swept sine would be a next step in the evolution of your measurement skills. It does produce a more focused result.

There's all kinds of signals available as audio files for testing speakers; I've been looking for one that's every note in a chromatic scale simultaneously. Havent found such on line yet. That would be interesting to put through a speaker. Tell you how that particular note is "honky", versus all the rest.
 
Hello JJ and all - finally have the REW pink noise data, recorded it with your method three times, as I could see it was changing just slightly over time.

I also recorded in REW with a pink noise app on my iPhone, just to see the differences.

I also have some frequency comparisons from earlier.

My setup class at Chicago School of Guitar Making was great. I understand how to setup up a new and existing guitar, which is needed often.
I also understand the correct intonation construction. It is online of course, but wanted to be certain. Basically end of nut to 12th fret distance can be whatever is desired (but there are standards that are all pretty close, like 12.75"). Then that given distance must be used again, plus 7/64", from the12th fret to bridge saddle, measured between the 3 and 4 strings. Then the bridge needs to be on an angle (approx. 4 degrees), to make up for the thickness difference of each string. This allows strings that will play slightly sharp when fretted to be longer and a little flatter to compensate for the sharpness.

There were ten guys in the class, so one on one with Ian was very limited this time, but the Folded Horn Acoustic Guitar received much attention, and I was asked many questions (like how the heck did you build that). Its was fun.

Anyway check out the pink noise and let me know what you think please. Thanks! Joe
 

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