I wondered how things were going generally. Not much about. I did find comments from some one who worked on them for 25 years. 😉 It's a bit long
https://thebulletin.org/2017/04/fusion-reactors-not-what-theyre-cracked-up-to-be/
He mentions a lot. 2 have been mentioned before tritium supply and neutrons which can make stuff radioactive and have other effects.
ITER answer to tritium but a long way off
https://www.iter.org/mach/tritiumbreeding
I used Photomath. It will do just about any algebra, trig and it will do differentiation but not integration IIRC. About two yrs ago I decided to brush up on my algebra again and bought Schaums ‘College Algebra’ and surprised myself by completing it. I used Photomath and YouTube videos to get through the book in about 2 months (120 pages of output!). Alas, my Calculus books remain unopened. I fear them.
Attachments
And what problem would that be? 🤔
Perhaps you could update us on what it was I mentioned some time back?
For what it's worth, there are two different concepts associated with the wave-particle duality of matter:
- The Compton wavelength, which is a property of particles with rest mass, such as electrons, protons, and neutrons.
- The de Broglie wavelength, which is a property of a particle's motion and applies to all particles, including massless particles like photons.
This is the post that got new thinking.
I have made some notes of various De Broglie formulae from the Reference Library books.
d(Lambda) /dv = h/m(0)v = h/m(0)v x Alpha were Alpha is the inverse Lorentz factor and m(o) is rest mass. Or h/m(0)v all over Gamma if you like. Lambda is wavelength.
Frequency f = m(0)c/h x Gamma where Gamma is the Lorentz factor.
I will also be exploring the Compton wavelength for electrons and comparing with a photon of the same energy.
Might have a look at the Higgs' wavelike properties at 125 GeV. Much to do, but a nicely fundamental study.
My hypothesis was the section in that post where I was probably (indisputably?) "talking nonsense".
However, should you prove my hypothesis to have mathematical significance I will be happy to take all the credit for the concept! 😎
However, should you prove my hypothesis to have mathematical significance I will be happy to take all the credit for the concept! 😎
I need to read those, but I'd like to repeat for the Nth time what ITER is really about (NOT for creating commercial fusion energy, though they'd also be happy if that happens, and they seem especially happy that commercial fusion energy is the big reason it was getting so much press coverage), described in a total 30 seconds of Teh Big Announcement, starting at 3:46:
Thus they do these mini-tests of thermonuclear bombs without breaking international treaty.
This is one to keep an eye on...
"The NOVATRON is an open-field line confinement solution that provides the desired stability features lacking in any previously known fusion plasma confinement design"
https://www.novatronfusion.com/technology
//
"The NOVATRON is an open-field line confinement solution that provides the desired stability features lacking in any previously known fusion plasma confinement design"
https://www.novatronfusion.com/technology
//
The tritium breeding link is the one of interest.
"While deuterium can be extracted from seawater in virtually boundless quantities, the supply of available tritium is limited, estimated currently at twenty kilos. A second source of tritium fortunately exists: tritium can be produced within the tokamak when neutrons escaping the plasma interact with a specific element - lithium - contained in the blanket."
The successful development of tritium breeding is essential for the future of fusion energy.
And for a nefarious purpose? 😱
I found this article on running "Out of Gas": https://www.science.org/content/article/fusion-power-may-run-fuel-even-gets-started
I've dug out some interesting facts to present to everyone:
Tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen with a half-life of 12.3 years, exists naturally only in trace amounts in the upper atmosphere, the product of cosmic ray bombardment.
The world’s only commercial sources are the nineteen Canada Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) nuclear reactors, which each produce about 0.5 kilograms a year as a waste product, and half are due to retire this decade. The available tritium stockpile is said to be around 25 kg today.
The tritium produced by nuclear reactors costs $30,000 per gram.
Roughly one in every 5000 hydrogen atoms in the oceans is deuterium, and it sells for about $13 per gram.
I've dug out some interesting facts to present to everyone:
Tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen with a half-life of 12.3 years, exists naturally only in trace amounts in the upper atmosphere, the product of cosmic ray bombardment.
The world’s only commercial sources are the nineteen Canada Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) nuclear reactors, which each produce about 0.5 kilograms a year as a waste product, and half are due to retire this decade. The available tritium stockpile is said to be around 25 kg today.
The tritium produced by nuclear reactors costs $30,000 per gram.
Roughly one in every 5000 hydrogen atoms in the oceans is deuterium, and it sells for about $13 per gram.
Fact checking...
Your video from the National Ignition Facility (NIF) refers to a laser induced fusion experiment directly related to weapons physics, in which the fusion energy produced was for the first time greater than the input of laser energy (Dec 5 2022).
We should note that it is not related to experimental tokamak fusion reactors such as ITER.
Here's the main part of the quote to which you refer:
"We study fusion ignition to make our nuclear deterrent safe secure effective and reliable ... and do so without the need for any further underground nuclear weapons testing."
There's information about the NIF laser here: https://lasers.llnl.gov/about/how-nif-work
I do not agree,
Getting close to fusion is an ever lasting endoever.
I am well aware of it since my engineering degre in nuclear physics in 1970 ( Lawson law and visit at center with Tokamac ).
Fusion power is always "30 years away"!
I certainly won't see a commercial fusion reactor in my lifetime, nor are my sons likely to.
https://oxsci.org/how-close-are-we-to-fusion-power/
The recently opened Hydrogen-3 Advanced Technology (H3AT) centre represents the largest fusion tritium research centre in the world.
The Culham Centre will carry out research into tritium breeding, processing, distribution, storage, recycling and disposal.
https://ccfe.ukaea.uk/divisions/h3at/
The team of tritium engineers and scientists at H3AT are working with the global fusion community to build and service ITER.
The Culham Centre will carry out research into tritium breeding, processing, distribution, storage, recycling and disposal.
https://ccfe.ukaea.uk/divisions/h3at/
The team of tritium engineers and scientists at H3AT are working with the global fusion community to build and service ITER.
Is there a Mathematician and Part-time Physicist in the House? Indeed there is. 🙂
I think the answer is 196,884.
https://www.scientificamerican.com/...ory-solved-maths-monstrous-moonshine-problem/
Best Regards from Steve in Portsmouth, UK.
I think the answer is 196,884.
https://www.scientificamerican.com/...ory-solved-maths-monstrous-moonshine-problem/
Best Regards from Steve in Portsmouth, UK.
"Monstrous Moonshine" is far removed from the understanding of a layman like myself: https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MonstrousMoonshine.html
Apparently though, it allows physics to form a bridge between two mathematical areas.
Late 19th century mathematicians made unsettling discoveries that threatened their understanding of their own discipline.
The great French mathematician Henri Poincaré characterised these anomalies as 'monsters' - a name that stuck.
"Logic sometimes makes monsters" - Henri Poincaré