There's always criticism of space endeavours, e.g., wouldn't the money be better spent improving the living conditions of millions of Indian citizens?
To put it into perspective, Chandrayaan is a "budget" mission costing £60 million. Compare that with the the £131 million it cost Christopher Nolan to make his space movie, Interstellar!
The fact is that the money spent in space isn't really spent in space, it is spent on the ground. It pays people's wages, it develops high-tech jobs. It supports economic growth.
India's space programme is really about developing the country. In the UK, space brings £17 bn a year to the economy.
Read more about the importance of India's space programme, and why we should support it, here:
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/aug/28/first-edition-india-moon-landing
An area I know little about but read something "curious" concerning one of the missions. Essentially find the direction of a source and then look optically for a likely candidate.
Well X rays pass through things so wondered how they handle them. This explains that
https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/XRISM_factsheet
Resolution wont be that spectacular and it explains why it's done this way.
The mirrors appear to be more like lenses as they are at the front of the telescope. Info here and also on how they are detected
https://xrism.isas.jaxa.jp/research/analysis/manuals/xrqr_v2.1.pdf
There are also filters but there doesn't seem to be much info about, just this
https://phys.org/news/2021-06-xrism-telescope-filter-wheel-calibration.html
X-Rays are red shifted
Q:
Can Chandra calculate red shift data of objects?
A:
Yes. The ability of the transmission gratings on Chandra to make fine distinctions between the energies of the X-rays from an object makes it possible to identify sharp peaks or lines in the spectrum due to ions of oxygen, silicon, iron, etc. if they are present. By comparing the observed energy or wavelength of these peaks with the corresponding values observed in the laboratory, the red shift can be measured.
A rough measurement (within 5 or 10%) of the red shift can be made with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) without the gratings. In practice the red shifts determined by Chandra are used as a confirmation of the red shifts measured by optical telescopes. A notable exception is the red shift measured from the X-ray afterglow of the gamma ray burst GRB 991216.
https://chandra.harvard.edu/resources/faq/x-ray/x-ray-15.html
My last post caused me to look at a paper on quasars, x-rays and light, It contained a term I had not noticed before dex. This explains what it means
https://joe-antognini.github.io/astronomy/what-is-a-dex
bit different to the usual sigma statements.
Interesting bloke
https://joe-antognini.github.io/
🙂 One for System
https://joe-antognini.github.io/machine-learning/steins-paradox
an idea I have come across just based on a single sample but purely down to probability and distribution. This one's a bit more complex.
There are a couple of interesting astro related entries.
https://joe-antognini.github.io/astronomy/what-is-a-dex
bit different to the usual sigma statements.
Interesting bloke
https://joe-antognini.github.io/
🙂 One for System
https://joe-antognini.github.io/machine-learning/steins-paradox
an idea I have come across just based on a single sample but purely down to probability and distribution. This one's a bit more complex.
There are a couple of interesting astro related entries.
People need to understand there are 200+ countries in the world . And only few have space capabilities. Getting on moon or mars is not just scientific endavour. Science come second. Its a the buisness strategy. More like an add. Irso is a govnment organization yes. But its in profit and its earns money for the govenment.
here you go
here you go
Apart from engendering national pride, nations regard getting to the Moon as a means to advance their domestic space industrial capabilities and as the first step toward a greater presence in cislunar space. Cislunar space is the area around the Earth extending out to just beyond the Moon’s orbit, and including all of the five Lagrangian points.
NASA plans a sustained presence in cislunar space in the form of a lunar orbiting station known as Gateway, which will be deployed in a highly elliptical seven-day near-rectilinear halo orbit (NRHO) around the Moon.
Gateway is an international project involving the US, 10 European countries, Canada and Japan, which demonstrates just how important mastery of cislunar space is deemed to be.
https://www.universetoday.com/142896/the-lunar-gateway-will-be-in-a-near-rectilinear-halo-orbit/#:~:text=The permanent Lunar Gateway in this orbit around,a visiting spacecraft to rendezvous with the Gateway
The Moon and cislunar space offer a nation prestige, scientific advancement, and strategic value in terms of national security.
The diagram above shows the extent of cislunar space. The five Lagrange points are indicated, as well as the more familiar LEO (low Earth orbit) and GEO (geosynchronous orbit).
Here is a 15 page pdf which analyses the strategic value of cislunar space:
https://aerospace.csis.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/20200714_Kaplan_Cislunar_FINAL.pdf
The diagram above shows the extent of cislunar space. The five Lagrange points are indicated, as well as the more familiar LEO (low Earth orbit) and GEO (geosynchronous orbit).
Here is a 15 page pdf which analyses the strategic value of cislunar space:
https://aerospace.csis.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/20200714_Kaplan_Cislunar_FINAL.pdf
I was out and about myself tonight:
Alas my cheap camera and tripod failed me, I need better equipment:
I have probably said too much, already.🙂
Alas my cheap camera and tripod failed me, I need better equipment:
I have probably said too much, already.🙂
New footage shows Pragyan rover executing a spin as it avoids lunar crater:
https://www.space.com/watch-chandrayaan-3-pragyan-rover-maneuver-on-moon
NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter spots new crater likely to have been created by Russia's failed Luna-25 lunar lander:
https://www.space.com/russia-luna-25-moon-crash-site-lro-photos
After the success of the Moon landing, India now sets its sights on the Sun. The launch is tomorrow (2nd Sept @ 0620 GMT):
https://www.space.com/india-aditya-l1-solar-probe-launch-livestream-science
https://www.space.com/watch-chandrayaan-3-pragyan-rover-maneuver-on-moon
NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter spots new crater likely to have been created by Russia's failed Luna-25 lunar lander:
https://www.space.com/russia-luna-25-moon-crash-site-lro-photos
After the success of the Moon landing, India now sets its sights on the Sun. The launch is tomorrow (2nd Sept @ 0620 GMT):
https://www.space.com/india-aditya-l1-solar-probe-launch-livestream-science
Attachments
I was akip this morning after a long night's study of Mathematical Matters, @Galu, but understand the new Indian Sun Space mission is well on it's way to a L1 Halo orbit near the Moon.
I was studying Monstrous Moonshine which is flippin' Brilliant. So called because we dumb folks sometimes cannot directly see The Sun, only it's reflection in The Moon.
No study of Physics is worthwhile without a certain Mathematical competence. Shoot me down in flames here, but the Mathematicians seem to be solving the real problems with mere pencil and paper.
Sir Michael Atiyah (Deceased.) was considered an absolutely top person in Mathematics. No bogus Electric Plasma person. A friend of top Physicist Gerard Van T'Hooft.
He claimed to have solved the thorny Riemann Hypothesis, and derived the precise value of the Fine Structure Constant (approx. 1/137) from Pure Mathematics. Now we have to honestly say this is speculative.
https://empslocal.ex.ac.uk/people/staff/mrwatkin/zeta/atiyah_FSC.pdf
https://empslocal.ex.ac.uk/people/staff/mrwatkin/zeta/atiyah_RH.pdf
He seems to have even solved the mysteries of GRAVITY!
I was studying Monstrous Moonshine which is flippin' Brilliant. So called because we dumb folks sometimes cannot directly see The Sun, only it's reflection in The Moon.
No study of Physics is worthwhile without a certain Mathematical competence. Shoot me down in flames here, but the Mathematicians seem to be solving the real problems with mere pencil and paper.
Sir Michael Atiyah (Deceased.) was considered an absolutely top person in Mathematics. No bogus Electric Plasma person. A friend of top Physicist Gerard Van T'Hooft.
He claimed to have solved the thorny Riemann Hypothesis, and derived the precise value of the Fine Structure Constant (approx. 1/137) from Pure Mathematics. Now we have to honestly say this is speculative.
https://empslocal.ex.ac.uk/people/staff/mrwatkin/zeta/atiyah_FSC.pdf
https://empslocal.ex.ac.uk/people/staff/mrwatkin/zeta/atiyah_RH.pdf
He seems to have even solved the mysteries of GRAVITY!
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Quote from above (2.6): "I will examine this question by starting with the octonions."
Steve forgets that we are not all mathematicians, so some explanation may be in order:
The only kinds of numbers that can be added, subtracted, multiplied and divided are the reals, complex numbers, quaternions and octonions.
Real numbers are found everywhere, complex numbers provide the mathematics of quantum mechanics and quaternions underlie Einstein's special theory of relativity.
Might the octonions, the last and least understood of the four kinds of number, hold secrets of the Universe?
I read that octonions may relate to theories that attempt to unify gravity with the other fundamental forces, but also that they have crippled many physicists’ efforts to exploit them.
