Checking old unused and used caps for integrity and efficiency

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Hi ! i am testing caps i have at hand with this meter

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some caps rated 22mF measure around 17mF
i wonder if i can still use them without issues
Other NOS caps instead measure accordingly with their rating
Moreover i would like to understand if there is a cheap but reliable way to check the ESR
I have seen only a very expensive meter
Thank you all sincerely
 
Reduction in capacitance from original value is not a good sign.

Wet electrolyte capacitors are subject to slow deterioration caused by gradual evaporation of the electrolyte inside.

The result is that capacitance decreases over time, while ESR increases over time.
 
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Reduction in capacitance from original value is not a good sign.
Wet electrolyte capacitors are subject to slow deterioration caused by gradual evaporation of the electrolyte inside.
The result is that capacitance decreases over time, while ESR increases over time.
Hi thank you very much I will look for a esr meter then
I bought them years ago and now i was thinking to use them to increase uF in a little amp
Better be safe than sorry
 
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Try reforming the capacitor prior to measuring it. It will be better.

Apply rated DC voltage of proper polarity through a 10k 20W resistor.
If you have a lab variable DC supply, use that to gradually raise the DC voltage on the capacitor.
Cook at rated DC voltage for a hour or so.
hi thank you sincerely If i get it right the resistor should be put in series with the capacitor ?
could i cook more caps in parallel ?
 
Everything reads above 0.3 Ohm ESR. I think you are reading the test lead resistance or the tester doesn't measure ESR accurately. What test frequency does the meter apply to the capacitor?

Regarding measuring 15000 on the 22000 capacitor, verify the tester is accurate before discarding the capacitor. It isn't easy to measure very large capacitance with these cheap digital meters.
 
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Everything reads above 0.3 Ohm ESR. I think you are reading the test lead resistance or the tester doesn't measure ESR accurately. What test frequency does the meter apply to the capacitor?
Hi thank you for your very valuable advice I have no clue really I bought this thing after seeing a video on Youtube and read some reviews
The goal is to check the actual quality of NOS and used parts Often i can find industrial parts like caps and transformers refurbished
They are parts that new cost a lot and are extremely well performing High grade parts
Regarding measuring 15000 on the 22000 capacitor, verify the tester is accurate before discarding the capacitor. It isn't easy to measure very large capacitance with these cheap digital meters.
I see and thank you very much again
The measured capacitance is more or less the same that i read using the meter at the beginning of this thread Not much of a difference
 
Hi again Thank you All for the very kind and helpful advice
I have just one last question
Can caps be checked when still mounted on the board?
I am interested also in old amps
Often caps are 30 or more years old
I would replace everyone just for safety
but it would be interesting to check them first anyway