Damping Factor of amps

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planet10, that's an interesting position to take. i'm not sure it's true but maybe it is. if it is true how do you determine the optimum DF for a given speaker?

1st off forget about daming factor, it is just spec sheet bling. The real spec is amplifier output impedance.

We have a couple variable transimpedance amplifiers. It is very enlighting connecting different loudspeakers and then playing with the pot that controls the amplifier output impedance.

dave
 
I remember doing that at your place with Daniel was it?

Yes we did! With the Amp at the lowest Damping Factor setting (zero?) the amp had the deepest, hardest hitting, solid bass we were able to get out of it. I remember it quite distinctly as we had my Focused Array Speakers hooked up at the time.

Best Regards,
TerryO
 
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Interesting discourse.
Way beyond my simple empirical experiences.
Does make me wonder why, my experiments with bespoke 300b and 45 SE tube amps of low (no?) damping factor, proved as simply Poor/sloppy at bass and cone control.
Acceptable for one's Fender.. but little else.
Also there's the oddity of using Speaker cables with higher resistance to Enhance bass.
Seemingly 'that' alone has generated entire industries ..
 
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Interesting discourse.
Way beyond my simple empirical experiences.
Does make me wonder why, my experiments with bespoke 300b and 45 SE tube amps of low (no?) damping factor, proved as simply Poor/sloppy at bass and cone control.
Acceptable for one's Fender.. but little else.
Also there's the oddity of using Speaker cables with higher resistance to Enhance bass.
Seemingly 'that' alone has generated entire industries ..

Your experience (good or bad) with Low Power SETs may very well be related to the speakers you were using. Many modern speakers or Bass drivers anyway, have very rough impedance curves in the Bass frequencies which often translates to very poor bass performance with SETs. Note that we're talking about "the whole Curve", not a single frequency! The so-called Damping Factor has very little, if anything at all, to do with it!

Kill your Damping Factor and release your Bass from bondage!
😀

Best Regards,
TerryO
 
For every loudspeaker there is an optimum amplifier output impedance... sometimes that means adamping factorof less than 1 (rarely today given that we live in a world dominated by speakers that assume a voltage amplifier)

Mmmm ...

True - but optimum for what? Maximum power transfer? That would satisfy the classic term 'matching'; it would also be the condition for maximum distortion. Lowest distortion? That would be a different configuration.

I think the OP's question was a basic one, relating to present audio practice. There loudspeaker designers mainly assume a low amplifier internal impedance - I have never seen a loudspeaker spec. asking for a finite feeding impedance as optimal. Yes, the full scenario would include feeding with low as well as high feeding impedances. Experimental systems were demonstrated where feed was from a high-impedance source (current feed) - and it was preferred by some! But such exposition will require a full tutorial including motional feedback, other special systems et al.

It is important to remember that the amplifier/cable/speaker are a system and should nott really be considered as 3 separate pieces.

Again true, but such a statement should not be applied to fuel the cable-makes-a-difference debate for all the wrong reasons. It was indicated that in just about all cases cable resistance/impedance can be neglected in practice unless someone feeds his loudspeaker away in the outhouse with flea-wire. Very close after this comes amplifier feeding impedance .... as said before. While a system, surely the engineering approach to eliminate practical negligible quantities is valid here?

Already for the uninitiated, one perhaps needs to explain that source/amplifier internal impedance is not the same as the recommended load impedance, e.g. 4 ohm or 8 ohm. Feeding impedance means the amplifier internal impedance, mostly the load divided by the feedback factor as well as driver inetrnal impedance. See, it already becomes complex!
 
AndrewT, i agree with you. Crown had a power amp with a DF of 10,000. of course you had to measure it at two points inside of the amplifier. by the time it got to the connectors the high DF was gone.

if DF is so important and tube amps have vey low DF then why do they sound so good.
 
AndrewT, i agree with you. Crown had a power amp with a DF of 10,000. of course you had to measure it at two points inside of the amplifier. by the time it got to the connectors the high DF was gone.

if DF is so important and tube amps have vey low DF then why do they sound so good.

MacIntosh and Pass Labs Solid State amplifiers have "very low" Damping Factor specs and nobody that I can remember has ever mentioned their lack of Bass!

The fact is that Damping Factor and Dracula refuse to die and need to have a stake driven thru their heart!
😱
 
Does make me wonder why, my experiments with bespoke 300b and 45 SE tube amps of low (no?) damping factor, proved as simply Poor/sloppy at bass and cone control.

The applicability of high output impedance amplifier is heavily dependent on the speakers inherent mwchanical damping (low) and the impedance curve (flat) coupled with FR under voltage drive.

dave
 
As Moer (post #6) and others said.

It is not that the DF is useless, its only that the definition of (loudspeaker impedance)/(amplifier output impedance plus cable) shows ignorance of how electricity works. Perhaps in different words: The braking of a loudspeaker is achieved by the maximum 'counter' or braking current it can generate when signal stops. That is limited by the total circuit resistance - the voice coil dc resistance does not suddenly disappear from the complete circuit! As said for a 4 ohm loudspeaker; for an 8 ohm driver the voice coil resistance is at least 5,5 ohm in practice, giving a maximum possible real df of 1,6 except at bass resonance. There, greatly depending on the enclosure design, the figure might become some 4.

Amplifier-wise the output resistance does (or should!) remain pretty constant over the audio region, but again it does not count as explained. Also at high frequencies the loudspeaker cone becomes velocity-controlled and electromagnetic braking is less important. There are also reactive components from the loudspeaker etc.; as said it becomes complex, but the main limitation remains the loudspeaker. (This of course excluding active circuitry where the amplifier output impedance can be made negative. Then there is a real possibility of doing some serious loudspeaker control ... and also of instability if the designer is not careful.)

Taken your concept of "real damping factor", it should be remembered that the higher its value, the closer the loudspeaker behaves as a differentiator with a 6 db/o slope in its main resonance region.

Another fact which should be made clear is that, outside the main resonance region, the damping factor does not concur to damp anything, probably even the contrary : as far as I know, cone breakups and local cone resonances do not model as RLC parallel circuits.
 
True - but optimum for what?

Optimum sonics.

I have never seen a loudspeaker spec. asking for a finite feeding impedance as optimal

You have not seen a wide spectrum them. Not many commercial speakers apply, but many diy projects do. And as diyers we can design to take advantage of the advantages inherent in a high output impedance amplifier.

but such a statement should not be applied to fuel the cable-makes-a-difference debate

But cables do make a difference.

dave
 
MacIntosh and Pass Labs Solid State amplifiers have "very low" Damping Factor specs and nobody that I can remember has ever mentioned their lack of Bass!

The fact is that Damping Factor and Dracula refuse to die and need to have a stake driven thru their heart!
😱

That's logical, because they should have excessive bass if their damping factor is very low and if the loudspeaker is designed for a high damping factor. The quality factor of the fundamental resonance becomes higher than the loudspeaker designer expected, hence you get some peaking around the resonant frequency.
 
That's logical, because they should have excessive bass if their damping factor is very low and if the loudspeaker is designed for a high damping factor. The quality factor of the fundamental resonance becomes higher than the loudspeaker designer expected, hence you get some peaking around the resonant frequency.

Ok, whatever....

For those that actually have heard Mac or Pass Labs amplifiers, will probably know the difference between real Bass reproduction and "Excessive" false frequency peaking.
 
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