John Curl's Blowtorch preamplifier part II

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APPLICATION NOTE 3171

Figure 4 also depicts the performance of a through-hole ceramic capacitor selected from a random assortment of lab components. The worst result is just 0.2% THD at the -3dB point for the X5R dielectric. To put it in perspective, that performance equates to distortion at the -54dB level. The THD for most 16-bit audio DACs and CODECs, with respect to full scale, is at least an order of magnitude better than this. Note that C0G dielectrics can exhibit very low voltage coefficients, but at this time their capacitance ranges are restricted to values near 0.047µF and below. These tests were based on 1µF capacitors, so C0G types were not included.
 
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[snip]Jan,[snip]
Better yet, write an article on these ceramics, putting it in your latest publication, after, of course, careful double blind evaluation, and PROVING their transparency and audio worthiness. [snip].

Yes that would be a worthwhile article, I'd publish it if done right.
As it is, I have a short piece in the next issue of Linear Audio about the marked decrease in distortion in a specific cap in the first several hours. Looks like the first measurement of a burn-in type effect. Although the distortion is back up somewhat at the next switch-on, the "burn-in" has partly a lasting effect.
The author does not know yet what the cause is, maybe we find that later.

jan didden
 
You might be informed that I studied caps over a period of years. I gave lectures on them at the local AES, when I was chairperson. People used to joke about me and my cap fixation. You, Jan, appear to want to travel that road. Well, good luck to you, but I solved MY problems with caps by using really good ones where it counts, fairly good ones for bypassing, and avoiding using coupling caps if at all possible. I don't have a problem with cap distortion, Sony does. Please don't think that we have not tried various combinations, including DC biasing, inverse paralleling, (see my 78 paper), bypassing, etc. The best (coupling) capacitor is NO capacitor. Next best is polystyrene or polypropylene. Third best might be PPS. Everyone should know that.
 
OK, Jan, but if Sony is on the right track, then their tuner will never be hi fi, but relegated to mid fi, no matter what they did in the RF chip. That is my personal experience with an actual unit, over many hours, with the best FM sources available in the SF Bay Area, which is still rather extensive.

Mid-fi is the phrase invented to denegrate other people's expensive equipment we don't like.

It should be relatively easy to test the audibility of distortion with single or double blind tests by inserting them in a circuit and shunting them out or by A/B testing them with other caps of the same value in a blind test. But then facts are not nearly as much fun as arguing a point without them. And by making actual waveform distortion measurements. The problem with facts is that it brings the entertainment of arguing and holding on to preconceptions to an end. Not having any test data means we can hold on to our common wisdom audiophile prejudices and bash people authoritatively with them indefinitely.
 
Good link,TVI. COG was never mentioned by me as a COUPLING CAP, because it is too low in max value.

Really? In FET circuits as well? Hmmm, I'm looking at my preamps and they all seem to have coupling caps that are mostly 0.01-0.033uF. And of course, the C0G should work fine for RIAA eq networks and compensation as well. If you're interested in doing a blind evaluation versus some caps of the same value you think (without serious testing) are better, we can arrange that.

Jan, the other approach to keeping the voltage across the cap low is to keep the other circuit impedances high. I'd argue that this is even more effective, since this reduces the signal current.
 
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[snip]Jan, the other approach to keeping the voltage across the cap low is to keep the other circuit impedances high. I'd argue that this is even more effective, since this reduces the signal current.

Yes indeed. I think this would apply mostly to tubed equipment, where impedances are often relatively high to begin with. OTOH, in most SS circuits interstage coupling can be done DC so the need for caps here is much less.

jan didden
 
Jan, there are FETs in this world as well. :D

Pheonix, it depends on what the caps' positions are in the circuitry. I avoid "audiophile" caps because of microphonics, quality control, and reliability. I frankly don't worry much about lead material. In my last two preamps and in the output stage of my modified crossover, coupling caps were Wima polyprops, nice industrial quality, non-microphonic, and they'll outlive me, even when inside those hot boxes.
 
Well, everyone, live with 0.1uF or less values for everything, if you wish, but IF I have a coupling cap, it is usually 1uF or more. Having a FIXATION on COG ceramics, (I rarely use them for ANYTHING) and a prejudice against other materials such as polystyrene, Teflon, or polypropylene isn't efficient or productive, from my point of view.
 
Well, everyone, live with 0.1uF or less values for everything, if you wish, but IF I have a coupling cap, it is usually 1uF or more. Having a FIXATION on COG ceramics, (I rarely use them for ANYTHING) and a prejudice against other materials such as polystyrene, Teflon, or polypropylene isn't efficient or productive, from my point of view.

Funny, I don't recall anyone EVER having a fixation, or even a prejudice, against polystyrene, Teflon, or polypropylene in this forum; or even a single negative opinion. What I HAVE seen is a fixation and prejudice against ALL ceramics at ALL locations inside an audio chassis.
 
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