Bob Cordell's Power amplifier book

Bob, like many others, I like your Chapter 3 which traces the evolution of a particular type of amp. It appears this exercise is purely LTspice .. but the circuits are general enough to have been built by your good self in Jurassic Times .. even if they don't represent your favourite 'advanced' topologies.

May I suggest that where a 'real life' device was built to one of the circuits in Chapter 3 or was close to one of these, a <REAL LIFE> sticker be applied to the figure.

This would allow you to pontificate further on discrepancies between 'real life' & SPICE.

I obviously believe the most useful models are those that have been confirmed in 'real life' .. at least in some fashion.

Hi kgrlee,

Sorry I missed this post; I was probably in Florida on vacation.

Yes, great minds think alike. I have for quite some time planned to build and measure the various incarnations of the amplifiers in Chapter 3 for the second edition.

Glad you enjoyed Chapter 3.

My Jurassic times go back pretty far. I cut my teeth on an HK Citation 12 clone with quasi-complementary outputs :). Of course, that was after I built numerous tube amps in high school. How time flies!

Cheers,
Bob
 
I am not surprised, because suggesting that a TIS has an all-pass characteristic is pretty indefensible.:)


Let's have a miller compensated 2 stage OTA. It can be shown that the voltage transfer function has a second order denominator and a positive zero at the numerator. This positive zero comes from feedforward of miller capacitance.

If we increase the miller capacitor, we have pole splitting but after a certain value of C, the non dominant pole stops moving towards high frequencies while the dominant pole continues towards low frequencies; The positive zero decreases with C increasing and for a certain value will be lower than the non dominant pole. Then we start to have a region where the voltage gain is constant but the phase is -180° as a single negative pole followed by a single positive zero will show in a bode plot. This region way be called all pass.
 
Let's have a miller compensated 2 stage OTA. It can be shown that the voltage transfer function has a second order denominator and a positive zero at the numerator. This positive zero comes from feedforward of miller capacitance.

If we increase the miller capacitor, we have pole splitting but after a certain value of C, the non dominant pole stops moving towards high frequencies while the dominant pole continues towards low frequencies; The positive zero decreases with C increasing and for a certain value will be lower than the non dominant pole. Then we start to have a region where the voltage gain is constant but the phase is -180° as a single negative pole followed by a single positive zero will show in a bode plot. This region way be called all pass.

Well-stated, JPV.

Cheers,
Bob
 
Let's have a miller compensated 2 stage OTA. It can be shown that the voltage transfer function has a second order denominator and a positive zero at the numerator. This positive zero comes from feedforward of miller capacitance.

If we increase the miller capacitor, we have pole splitting but after a certain value of C, the non dominant pole stops moving towards high frequencies while the dominant pole continues towards low frequencies; The positive zero decreases with C increasing and for a certain value will be lower than the non dominant pole. Then we start to have a region where the voltage gain is constant but the phase is -180° as a single negative pole followed by a single positive zero will show in a bode plot. This region way be called all pass.

Colour me blue, I don't get it. What is OTA? What is a "positive zero", a RHP zero? What "region", where is that region, what's the relevance, etc...

Care to post an example? LTSpice will do.
 
Colour me blue, I don't get it. What is OTA? What is a "positive zero", a RHP zero? What "region", where is that region, what's the relevance, etc...

Care to post an example? LTSpice will do.


Hi Waly

OTA is Operational Transconductance Amplifier. An OTA is like an op amp without the output current stage. It is essentially what you have with an IPS (input stage), and VAS (voltage amplifier stage). The output is very high impedance and if loaded down quickly looses it's voltage gain proportionally with the load.

The zeros require a lot more explanation. Simply put they are the -3dB attenuation points at -45 degrees on a bode plot. Perhaps someone can explain this in simple terms for you.

Cheers,
 
Let's have a miller compensated 2 stage OTA. It can be shown that the voltage transfer function has a second order denominator and a positive zero at the numerator. This positive zero comes from feedforward of miller capacitance.

If we increase the miller capacitor, we have pole splitting but after a certain value of C, the non dominant pole stops moving towards high frequencies while the dominant pole continues towards low frequencies; The positive zero decreases with C increasing and for a certain value will be lower than the non dominant pole. Then we start to have a region where the voltage gain is constant but the phase is -180° as a single negative pole followed by a single positive zero will show in a bode plot. This region way be called all pass.

No. There is no way a TIS has an all-pass characteristic with significant gain (above unity). This is science fiction.
 
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Let's have a miller compensated 2 stage OTA. It can be shown that the voltage transfer function has a second order denominator and a positive zero at the numerator. This positive zero comes from feedforward of miller capacitance.

If we increase the miller capacitor, we have pole splitting but after a certain value of C, the non dominant pole stops moving towards high frequencies while the dominant pole continues towards low frequencies; The positive zero decreases with C increasing and for a certain value will be lower than the non dominant pole. Then we start to have a region where the voltage gain is constant but the phase is -180° as a single negative pole followed by a single positive zero will show in a bode plot. This region way be called all pass.


Colour me blue, I don't get it. What is OTA? What is a "positive zero", a RHP zero? What "region", where is that region, what's the relevance, etc...

Care to post an example? LTSpice will do.

Where was the bolded expression mentionned in the very
thread you did respond to.?.


More like supercalifragilisticexpialidocious.

Indeed.:rolleyes:
 
The only parameter I know that doesn't follow the minimum phase path is Beta around and beyond Ft (the bipolar transistor transition frequency). A theoretical case, with no impact in real life audio. I've seen people caring about that in very high frequency (GHz) oscillators.
Waly, Great Guru Baxandall shows clear evidence of this in the Baxandall Papers http://www.douglas-self.com/ampins/baxandall/baxandall.htm though he's using really Jurassic devices.
michaelkiwanuka said:
I am not surprised, because suggesting that a TIS has an all-pass characteristic is pretty indefensible.
JPV said:
Let's have a miller compensated 2 stage OTA. It can be shown ...
... loadsa good stuff ..
.. positive zero will show in a bode plot. This region may be called all pass.
The VAS is indeed the PA stage that will show all-pass characteristics first. Michael, you may like to search for 'minimum phase of BJTs' on this website to remedy your ignorance of elementary analogue electronics. :D

Budding Guru Waly, I apologize on behalf of Bob and us other old fogeys for not using terms with their exact meaning. 'Excess Phase' IS strictly the phase of the 'all-pass' part of a non-minimum phase transfer function.

I used to be a minimum-phase guru when I was your age but confess to have often used the term 'excess-phase' in the evil manner that Bob has :eek: I can swear I've never been as sinful as to call RHPs what JPV does :)

As you are closest to high academia, please excuse us forgetting what we pretended to learn in Jurassic school.

But I'm sure this discussion is nearly as fruitful as discussing VAS vs TIS with Michael :rolleyes: [deleted : my definitive 15 page contribution on da subject]
 
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Waly, Great Guru Baxandall shows clear evidence of this in the Baxandall Papers http://www.douglas-self.com/ampins/baxandall/baxandall.htm though he's using really Jurassic devices.
The VAS is indeed the PA stage that will show all-pass characteristics first. Michael, you may like to search for 'minimum phase of BJTs' on this website to remedy your ignorance of elementary analogue electronics. :D

Budding Guru Waly, I apologize on behalf of Bob and us other old fogeys for not using terms with their exact meaning. 'Excess Phase' IS strictly the phase of the 'all-pass' part of a non-minimum phase transfer function.

I used to be a minimum-phase guru when I was your age but confess to have often used the term 'excess-phase' in the evil manner that Bob has :eek: I can swear I've never been as sinful as to call RHPs what JPV does :)

As you are closest to high academia, please excuse us forgetting what we pretended to learn in Jurassic school.

But I'm sure this discussion is nearly as fruitful as discussing VAS vs TIS with Michael :rolleyes: [deleted : my definitive 15 page contribution on da subject]

Yes, kgrlee, we old fogies do get ourselves in trouble on occasion with semantics. Sometimes I define excess phase as any phase that I wish wasn't there. Maybe like excess fat. Even in a completely minimum-phase system, I lump into the category of excess phase the sum of the phases of all of those pesky far-out poles I am too lazy to enumerate :).

Life is too short, especially for us old fogies. Pass me a beer.

Cheers,
Bob