Since these transforms are commutative, this should also work the other way around. Have you tried?
No, if you are saying that running through the 12AX7 and then into the opamps will sound the same as the opamps then into the 12AX7.
Clearly, if one uses a circuit to produce "nasty" harmonics and then goes to a LP filter, the result is not the same as a LP filter feeding the same circuit. Just to exaggerate for clarity.
Question is - how exactly could CERN measure how "pleasing" or "unpleasing" that boson is?
And back to music - do you think that the masterpieces were created through careful measurements and math models?
You are confusing the artistry of creating music with the engineering of creating a playback system a totally inept analogy really...
I dunno guys, I'm reading Kirchoff's play on my comment about CERN (which Abrax willfully ignored in order to selectively paint me into his desired corner, but, hey, what do you expect from him?), as I intended. 🙂
Namely, taking a good poke at the nonsense of the "NO MEASUREMENTS!" crowd.
Namely, taking a good poke at the nonsense of the "NO MEASUREMENTS!" crowd.
I dunno guys, I'm reading Kirchoff's play on my comment about CERN (which Abrax willfully ignored in order to selectively paint me into his desired corner, but, hey, what do you expect from him?), as I intended. 🙂
Namely, taking a good poke at the nonsense of the "NO MEASUREMENTS!" crowd.
Derf, old boy... first off that's hyperbole, I don't know of any "NO MEASUREMENTS" folk in these hills.
Secondly, measurements, as you likely well know are merely tools. They are useful and serve to characterize certain aspects, and hopefully help to perfect things, as well as to make visible the invisible (like a scope, to keep it simple).
But, in practice, when a driver steps into a race car the measurements are only the precursors to how the driver feels the car...
Here's something else that occurred to me.
I do some metalwork/machining. There may be some useful analogy to be drawn.
Speaking of measurements.
Surface tolerances.
One can spec a tolerance.
Say for this example 0.001"?
This is sort of akin to "0.001% THD".
In some cases nothing more needs to be spec'd.
But are all parts made to the spec the same? Talking about the same shape part now.
Of course, one could make the part out of different material.
But assuming the same high quality tool steel, then there are quite a number of other
aspects not taken into account.
Things like surface finish, surface roughness/smoothness, hardness...
...multiple techniques can be used to arrive at the end results.
An interesting aspect of this is that someone familiar with the different finishing techniques could likely visually determine what has been done to the part. Rather unlikely that one could merely feel that!
From 25ft back, maybe some of the finishes would look the same...
So, all 0.001" tolerance tool steel parts are equivalent ?
...wonder if anything like this applies to audio?
I do some metalwork/machining. There may be some useful analogy to be drawn.
Speaking of measurements.
Surface tolerances.
One can spec a tolerance.
Say for this example 0.001"?
This is sort of akin to "0.001% THD".
In some cases nothing more needs to be spec'd.
But are all parts made to the spec the same? Talking about the same shape part now.
Of course, one could make the part out of different material.
But assuming the same high quality tool steel, then there are quite a number of other
aspects not taken into account.
Things like surface finish, surface roughness/smoothness, hardness...
...multiple techniques can be used to arrive at the end results.
An interesting aspect of this is that someone familiar with the different finishing techniques could likely visually determine what has been done to the part. Rather unlikely that one could merely feel that!
From 25ft back, maybe some of the finishes would look the same...
So, all 0.001" tolerance tool steel parts are equivalent ?
...wonder if anything like this applies to audio?
But, in practice, when a driver steps into a race car the measurements are only the precursors to how the driver feels the car...
And when he talks to his mechanics about how it feels do you think he uses nebulous non related terms as in audio reviews or does he use technical terms that his crew understands and can probably measure?
cbdb, suggest you hang around a pit for a while and find out?
In the meantime, the measurement remains the tool set, not the determinant.
In the meantime, the measurement remains the tool set, not the determinant.
Some is. But we are not talking about creation, we are talking about reproduction. You know, High Fidelity? You want out exactly what was put in.
Now some (or should that be many) don't want hi-fi, they want to have their own musical instrument to mangle the sound to a pleasant euphonic soup. That's their choice and fine as long as they realise it's a preference and not 'better' or 'more accurate'.
You're conveniently forgetting to mention that it's already mangled by the recording studio.
Agree with cbdb. The analogy just doesn't work. For a start in anything other than clubman racing there will be a team of people analysing the performance of the car in real time. If a driver complains about an issue (say understeer in one part of the circuit) there will be models that can be used to see how the car can be adjusted and how that will affect the overall lap time.
Back in the 70s it was seat of the pants 'twiddle this and see', but today that's not the case. Bit like JC and his comments about op-amps. They were valid at the time, but things have moved on.
Back in the 70s it was seat of the pants 'twiddle this and see', but today that's not the case. Bit like JC and his comments about op-amps. They were valid at the time, but things have moved on.
@Kirchoff: Not forgetting that at all, just reminding you of the purpose of 'high fidelity'. If the recording is rubbish then it should sound that way on your system. If you want things to sound 'nice' however messed up the signed off master is, then you have a musical instrument not a hifi. And no problem with people who do want to bask in the warm glow of euphonic colourations and wibbly wobble frequency response, as long as they claim preference and not superiority.
Realistically, the most demanding audio signal an op-amp can be called upon to output (assuming conventional +/- 15 volt rails, or thereabouts) is a 30 volt peak-to-peak sine wave at a frequency of 20 kHz.
Simple calculus shows that the corresponding required maximum slew-rate is 1.88 volts per microsecond. Tops.
So that old Harris 911, if it met its slew-rate spec, was actually capable of handling full-power, full-audio-bandwidth signals, with a little safety margin, as far as slew-rate goes. I'm not familiar with this device, and don't know about its other audio performance problems (distortion, noise, etc), if any.
Since op-amps, like other semiconductors, come with rather loose parameter tolerances, it makes sense to specify a device with a little more slew-rate safety margin, if it doesn't cost too much.
Well, by the late 1970s, IIRC, you could buy a TLO71/ 72/ 74 with a specified slew rate of 13 volts per microsecond. That was six times the highest slew rate you would ever need for audio use. A whopping 600% safety margin - you would never need more than that. The TLO series also addressed other audio requirements, such as reduced crossover distortion.
The TLO series op-amps were, to all intents, perfect for most line-level audio use.
There was still a (very) little room left for improvement. It was possible to do a little better in the noise department than the TLO series when dealing with very small signals, such as the output of a cassette tape head.
Signetics launched the NE5534 / 5532 opamps, and that was pretty much it. They had the same 13 V/uS slew rate as the TLO7x series opamps, but a few decibels (about 13 dB) lower input noise. These were, for all practical purposes, perfect for any normal audio use.
There have been spec improvements since then, but they are irrelevant for general audio - you cannot hear the improvements, because the 5532/5534 is already better than the human ear. Keep the input signal in the audio band (meaning, if there is garbage up at 50 kHz in the signal, filter it out!), and the 5532 cannot be audibly improved upon.
This is a tough pill for most of us to swallow, especially because of all the "New And Improved!" advertising we're constantly subjected to. We believe everything can be improved upon, and newer is usually better.
But some things really are already so perfect they can't, in any practical sense, be improved upon. The chambered Nautilus is so perfectly suited to it's way of life that it has remained unchanged for at least 400 million years, and maybe 500 million. Many faster, sleeker, newer life forms have come and gone since the Nautilus began slowly propelling itself through primordial oceans.
The NE5534 / 5532 is the Nautilus of the audio op-amp world; so perfect for normal audio use that they can't be audibly improved upon. Bean-counters will find ways to make them cheaper, chemists will find ways to make them use less toxic materials et cetera. But audibly, in any normal home audio use, they can't be improved upon. (If you work for NASA and are trying to pick up the incredibly weak signals from Voyager, then the 5532 may not be what you want.)
And even the TLO7x series is still perfectly usable whenever you don't need the very best noise performance.
What is wrong with opamps? For audio use, nothing; culturally, the only thing wrong, is that nowadays many of us look these incredible gift-horses in the mouth, lacking an appreciation of how perfect a solution they are.
-Gnobuddy
totally agreed - but no way to convince any audiophools
@Kirchoff: Not forgetting that at all, just reminding you of the purpose of 'high fidelity'. If the recording is rubbish then it should sound that way on your system. If you want things to sound 'nice' however messed up the signed off master is, then you have a musical instrument not a hifi. And no problem with people who do want to bask in the warm glow of euphonic colourations and wibbly wobble frequency response, as long as they claim preference and not superiority.
They're not "musical instruments" - they don't produce sounds by themselves, and a musician can't "play" them.
As for "hifi" as in the "purist" approach (look ma, 0.00000001 THD, no tone controls or anything to stay in the way of the pure unadultered pristine sound), that's quite a sterile approach. The room and speakers will take care that it will never sound quite right.
If something significantly modifies the sound, its an instrument. I include fuzz boxes, equalisers, reverb units etc in that as they are used in the creation of the product. Not my definition BTW, but often used on this site and a good one IMO.
Defeatable tone controls are a good thing. A hifi that has non flat FR that is fixed (like really expensive valve amps) is a bad thing.
As for the speakers and rooms, yet they are the limiting factor, which neatly shows that getting angsty about the electronics is pointless. BUT there is good work being done on that area in DIY and progress is being made.
Defeatable tone controls are a good thing. A hifi that has non flat FR that is fixed (like really expensive valve amps) is a bad thing.
As for the speakers and rooms, yet they are the limiting factor, which neatly shows that getting angsty about the electronics is pointless. BUT there is good work being done on that area in DIY and progress is being made.
I was feeling good! The early rev. of MKII had some shunt reg's and populated with dale RN55 resistors and the high speed op amp.Perhaps not disavow all you learned, but maybe loosen your grip on the view that you have the one-and-true path to audio enlightenment? It's an uncomfortable thought to contemplate, "well, what if I'm wrong?"
I should know, I abandoned a couple paths of research over the last 5 years that have come back to slap me in the face. Some of which I should have known better, some of which I later learned my folly as my understanding grew in depth. It's pretty humbling. It continues to be pretty humbling. Fortunately, my advisers and colleagues have consistently pushed me to take a major emotional detachment to my pet theories and be more and more adherent to Mr. Wurcer's signature.
So perhaps, go back and delve into the physics of signals and electronics such that you can actually frame the problems you're trying to solve in terms of what electrons care about. To ask you to get into a modicum of the acoustical challenges of reproduction and our ability to hear would be a massive bonus. You don't even need to go to a tremendous depth, just enough to frame the magnitude of the effects you hold sacrosanct.
It might go a long ways to tempering your philosophy-first, reality be ___ed approach.
Then this came along like a knife in my chest,

"As usual, my search for the perfect (and affordable) phono pre continues. I like my instrument detail of the Cambridge, but the Lounge paints a more realistic picture of a symphony orchestra---😱just from several more rows back than I prefer to sit.😱 The Lounge does everything well, and some things very well. It may be a very good fit in a system that is already highly detailed."
The above was written in Oct of 2011 on Audiocircle BTW.
The guy was right. Now a fare amount of the loss of his upfront feel was artifacts that are present in something like the Cambridge but not in the LCR design at that time. I had abandoned the op275 with the MKI design and now the cleaner LT1358 in MKII was showing me how drab the passives really sound.
Yet the question remained: How could I get a thicker, more tangible sound without doing things that just paste obvious distortion on the signal? Not easy! And almost no T&M will point in a nice, neat direction. All T&M will do is point one to less and less THD, noise... But IME if you just follow that path you get a result like what the guy was complaining about.
This made me totally rethink everything. I took nearly a month doing changes ONE AT A TIME and let the unit burn in for 24 hours. Check freq response, noise floor. I had no distortion meter. Then the next evening I would put records on and lay on the floor with headphones. This is where I really started to digest the sound of one resistor or cap....
I am fortunate in that I have a wicked memory of sound in context with decay and harmonics. I started noticing such things when I learned how to patch a sound on Moog Modular gear in the early '80's. I know things are getting better when tail end of a note hangs on a little longer in a distinct manner.
And sure, there are things I have revisited just like you say.
In the end, for me now, I have no employer to please or justify designs to. It's just me and the customer. The customer does not care very much about a spec. But if the sound is not right, I get a return. I don't like returns 😉
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In the end, for me now, I have no employer to please or justify designs to. It's just me and the customer.
The customer does not care very much about a spec. But if the sound is not right, I get a return.
I don't like returns 😉
Think of it this way, and you'll feel better. For each person in the audio field who doesn't understand
what you are doing, there is one fewer potential competitor.
If something significantly modifies the sound, its an instrument. I include fuzz boxes, equalisers, reverb units etc in that as they are used in the creation of the product. Not my definition BTW, but often used on this site and a good one IMO.
.
By this definition earplugs would be a musical instrument. 😀
I was feeling good! The early rev. of MKII had some shunt reg's and populated with dale RN55 resistors and the high speed op amp.
Then this came along like a knife in my chest,
"As usual, my search for the perfect (and affordable) phono pre continues. I like my instrument detail of the Cambridge, but the Lounge paints a more realistic picture of a symphony orchestra---😱just from several more rows back than I prefer to sit.😱 The Lounge does everything well, and some things very well. It may be a very good fit in a system that is already highly detailed."
The above was written in Oct of 2011 on Audiocircle BTW.
The guy was right. Now a fare amount of the loss of his upfront feel was artifacts that are present in something like the Cambridge but not in the LCR design at that time. I had abandoned the op275 with the MKI design and now the cleaner LT1358 in MKII was showing me how drab the passives really sound.
Yet the question remained: How could I get a thicker, more tangible sound without doing things that just paste obvious distortion on the signal? Not easy! And almost no T&M will point in a nice, neat direction. All T&M will do is point one to less and less THD, noise... But IME if you just follow that path you get a result like what the guy was complaining about.
This made me totally rethink everything. I took nearly a month doing changes ONE AT A TIME and let the unit burn in for 24 hours. Check freq response, noise floor. I had no distortion meter. Then the next evening I would put records on and lay on the floor with headphones. This is where I really started to digest the sound of one resistor or cap....
I am fortunate in that I have a wicked memory of sound in context with decay and harmonics. I started noticing such things when I learned how to patch a sound on Moog Modular gear in the early '80's. I know things are getting better when tail end of a note hangs on a little longer in a distinct manner.
And sure, there are things I have revisited just like you say.
In the end, for me now, I have no employer to please or justify designs to. It's just me and the customer. The customer does not care very much about a spec. But if the sound is not right, I get a return. I don't like returns 😉
So, do you believe there is something that's not measurable that creates these differences you perceive?
If its really not able to be measured that would imply its magic or placebo. However I'd suggest its measurable but not yet in the current suite of measurements.
It's probably possible with very resolving equipment. But take that data, like maybe the DA and reactance from 10khz on up of a film capacitor. It would take almost un-human insight to take that data and predict what that cap will sound like in a specific application like a tone control for example.So, do you believe there is something that's not measurable that creates these differences you perceive?
However I'd suggest its measurable but not yet in the current suite of measurements.
I would think the appeal of SET would be measurable fairly easily, or how about actually determining that the differences exist (hint: it will never happen).
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