What is the Universe expanding into..

Do you think there was anything before the big bang?

  • I don't think there was anything before the Big Bang

    Votes: 56 12.5%
  • I think something existed before the Big Bang

    Votes: 200 44.7%
  • I don't think the big bang happened

    Votes: 54 12.1%
  • I think the universe is part of a mutiverse

    Votes: 201 45.0%

  • Total voters
    447
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Just for fun, I thought I'd Giggle "fastest material objects in the universe". :happy2:

Here's what I came up with:

Among the speed demons of the universe are Jupiter-sized blobs of hot gas embedded in streams of material ejected from hyperactive galaxies known as blazars.
A blazar is a hungry super-massive black-hole in the heart of a distant galaxy that produces a high-energy jet viewed face-on from Earth. Blazar - Wikipedia

Ultra high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), which may originate in a collision of galaxy clusters, are slamming into Earth's atmosphere at more than 99.9 percent of the speed of light. Cosmic 'rays' are not light, but are highly energetic subatomic particles, thought to be mostly protons.
More information on UHECRs here:Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays | COSMOS
 

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There was an experiment done during the Apollo program where the astronauts put on an eye mask (like those ones dished out on overnight intercontinental flights) and they could detect flashes of light. The hypothesis was that high energy particles were striking the rods in the retinas in the back of their eye, triggering the flash.

One wonders what the health implications of this are since they’d be slamming into other body cells and perhaps damaging them.
 
Can’t understand why the central pod over the dish had to weigh nine hundred tons! Receiver, amplifier, coax down to main signal processing equipment on the ground and job done. 100 kg and were being exceedingly conservative. Throw in a refrigeration unit and add another 50 kg then worst case.

😕
 
0^0 sounds like a job for Andrew Wiles.

About the length contraction thing, I’ve seen two versions of what it must be like traveling at c for the observer:-

1. The observer feels as if they are stationary. Everything rushes past. Objects approaching have a blue hue to them. If the observer looks behind them, the objects receding away from them appear to be red shifted.

2. Everything is flattened as in a sheet of paper ie it exists only in 2D. The whole experience of moving at c passes by in an instant.

Which is it?

Roger Penrose has shown that as light passes through space it twists, or rotates.

Many theories. Few real answers.

Any takers?

Is it 1 or 2 or something else?

Remember, you the observer, is moving at c.
 
Can’t understand why the central pod over the dish had to weigh nine hundred tons! Receiver, amplifier, coax down to main signal processing equipment on the ground and job done. 100 kg and were being exceedingly conservative. Throw in a refrigeration unit and add another 50 kg then worst case.

😕
A good question.
I though, the weight of a cooling plant, but I see you considered it. May be, it needs more than 50kg, but 900 tons ???
May be the need for a highly stabilized platform with heavy masses and gyroscopes.
Who knows ?
I am interested, why 900 000 kg ? Is it really tons at 1 ton = 1000 kg ?
 
About the length contraction thing, I’ve seen two versions of what it must be like traveling at c for the observer:-

1. The observer feels as if they are stationary. Everything rushes past. Objects approaching have a blue hue to them. If the observer looks behind them, the objects receding away from them appear to be red shifted.

2. Everything is flattened as in a sheet of paper ie it exists only in 2D. The whole experience of moving at c passes by in an instant.

Which is it?
1. Here we are dealing with the relativistic Doppler effect. Let's consider an observer moving at an imaginably high speed relative to a 'stationary' background of yellow stars. The light ahead of the observer is blueshifted to a wavelength in the far ultraviolet, while light behind the observer is redshifted to the short wavelength infrared. Relativistic Doppler effect - Wikipedia

2. I think I may have tackled the second point to some extent earlier when I said that, if an object moved past us at a speed approaching that of light, then it would need to have a physical length equivalent to the diameter of our Solar System in order to give us any chance of perceiving at as an object with any length at all. And, in addition, the frequency shift in its light due to the relativistic Doppler might make the object totally invisible to human eyes anyway! 😎
 
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Galu,

Of course it’s hypothetical.

However, if something has to have a length of the diameter of the solar system to be observable, then surely this makes (2) the more likely scenario?

So looking forward, a flash, if looking back, perhaps so red shifted as to be invisible?
 
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I did some editing before I saw your reply, Bonsai. Made it more friendly!

What you've just posted agrees with my thinking on the matter, although I'm not so sure about the "flash".

Looking forward, everything would be shifted into the invisible ultraviolet.

Both scenarios would happen together, would they not?
 
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This conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn on Monday 21 is going to be hard to see even if the weather is clear.

Looks like twilight 4.30 PM UK time is the first chance to glimpse it. And it is close to setting after the Sun in the West. The crescent Moon should be a good pointer.

I think I'll get to the seafront on Saturday if it is clear and see how it looks. A rehearsal. Should be very close even then. maybe 1/4 of a moons width. I'll take the binos.

Terrible light pollution here. I couldn't see a lot tonight, but Orange Mars is fading a lot. Red Betelgeux in Orion seemed quite bright, about as bright as Aldeberan in Taurus following the belt upwards, so must be a respectable magnitude 0.8. Sirius very bright following the belt downwards. Bright Capella was bang overhead.
 
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This conjunction is terrifically interesting to me. 😀

We have the Jovian moons aligning with Saturn's moons in one Grand View in the Binoculars.

Two spectacular Ice Giants. Jupiter's Io, Europa and Ganymede are interesting enough in their own right. A 1:2:4 orbital resonance with outer Callisto playing some undefined part.

Saturn's moons are also fun. Titan and Enceladus are considered candidates for dull microbial life and NASA is off to check them out soon. But it is Saturn's Iapetus that interests me. An outsider, but maybe worth a bet. 😎
 

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