What is the Universe expanding into..

Do you think there was anything before the big bang?

  • I don't think there was anything before the Big Bang

    Votes: 56 12.5%
  • I think something existed before the Big Bang

    Votes: 200 44.7%
  • I don't think the big bang happened

    Votes: 54 12.1%
  • I think the universe is part of a mutiverse

    Votes: 201 45.0%

  • Total voters
    447
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This is precisely the problem - short termism.

Of course, but I would be very happy if short termism would only apply to 100 years investments. Look at how corporations are behaving today. Not much goes beyond the next cycle share holders revenue (and executives bonuses, of course). Be damned the future, innovation, long range planning, just fill Walmart shelves with junk and your constituents and the share holders subset will be happy. That's the brave new world we are living in.
 
Bit of Expanding Universe stuff to get our teeth into...
Just when we were getting used to idea of the 'Observable Universe', we now have to come to terms with the 'Reachable Universe'! :gasp:
 

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Of course, but I would be very happy if short termism would only apply to 100 years investments. Look at how corporations are behaving today. Not much goes beyond the next cycle share holders revenue (and executives bonuses, of course). Be damned the future, innovation, long range planning, just fill Walmart shelves with junk and your constituents and the share holders subset will be happy. That's the brave new world we are living in.

I know - I spent 20 yrs in it! (after the first 20 in the electronics industry)
 

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I found this, Bonsai: The Physics of Climate Change Online Lecture with Lawrence Krauss - YouTube

For when/if we can find 1hr 15 min to spare!

I watched the whole video - really excellent. He uses mass of carbon in the total biosphere rather than CO2 which I am more familiar with so I had to get my head around that. However, this actually gives a truer picture of the scale of the problem. Excess CO2 reduces by 70-80% within a century and the remaining 20-30% is removed through weathering and that takes 250-400 thousand years.

However, carbon reduces by about 10% in a hundred years and the remaining 90% is around for thousands of years (his graph only went out to c. 3000 yrs IIRC, but I imagine ultimately it’s the same weathering process as for excess CO2 - it was essentially asymptotic at 3000 yrs).

He uses black body radiation to explain the exact physics of how what seems just a little bit of CO2 (+100 ppm since 1900 or about 1% additional heating effect per square meter at the Earth’s surface) can have such a huge impact on climate. CO2 absorbs in a very specific band when you look at the Earth’s BB radiation profile - it’s like a notch as the energy in that band is removed by the carbon. What’s happening now is the absorption of radiation in that band is saturated, so it’s now widening and moving higher up into the atmosphere where it’s cooler as the planet settles to a new thermal equilibrium.

The planet has been here before (it happens in regular cycles) but never as quickly as now and the spike in atmospheric CO2 levels is unprecedented. In other words, ice ages and interglacials have been triggered by a relatively modest change in CO2 and the Earth’s orbit around the Sun but this time around, one of the key inputs to that process (CO2) has been pushed way beyond its normal levels, so we are in uncharted territory.

Anyway, excellent video!
 
... In other words, ice ages and interglacials have been triggered by a relatively modest change in CO2 and the Earth’s orbit around the Sun but this time around, one of the key inputs to that process (CO2) has been pushed way beyond its normal levels, so we are in uncharted territory...
So that we no longer have any clear idea how the currently starting 50 years of Grand Solar Minimum is going to pan out and how it will affect production of food crop and energy need in the winters for the coming few years. As of winter 2020/21, part of the Thames was frozen, extreme cold in Poland and Switzerland, snow in Sahara, increasing flash flood in Arabian peninsula.
 
Andrew, I agree we should drastically cut CO2 emission as soon and as much as possible, it is polluting the planet and will be beneficial in the long run. But I am not yet convinced the coming few decades will be warmer. Coupled with no contingency for if the temperature plummets for a few decades, high death toll could become unavoidable.
 
People in my region is going to be affected economically by what will happen to those living in the northern hemisphere. However, I live in the tropics where a difference of 1 degree warmer or cooler won't matter much to food production or energy consumption. Higher volcanic activity usually accompanying Grand Solar Minimum is by far more worrisome for us here. Since Lawrence's video showed nothing on GSM, let's see how it turns out in a few years.
 
I am a bit upset about the excitement against coal and gaz claimed as a clean alternative.
This forgets about methane leaks.
Methane is far more noxious than CO2.
Fracturing to extract shale gaz, inevitably produces methane leaks that make this gaz as bad as coal for a given kWh amount.
Furthermore, gaz in Europe, mostly from Poutinland, comes from old leaky infrastructures, with presently methane leaks that make this gaz worse than coal.
I am not spreading fake news, what I clumsily explain here, is from GIEC about methane.
I am pissed to see, hypocrit attitudes of green guys who need gaz to supplement wind turbines, bitching at coal.
Lies and postures are not going to save the planet.
 
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