Hi to u all,
Eversince i started experimenting with electronics,all my projects (primarily audio) were built using perforated and bread boards.Those designs were simple and didn't require complex pcbs.Now that i have got an interest in microcontrollers,pcbs are in order.The toner method seems to be the best option and also the cheapest.Before venturing in the field,i would like to inform you that i watched several videos on youtube explaining the process,the only thing that is not clear to me and not explained in those videos is as hereunder.
When the circuit layout is given in a magazine.is it necessary to make a mirror image of the latter?
My question may seem stupid but i want to do things right the first time going smoothly and patiently.Thanks in advance to any recommendations.
Eversince i started experimenting with electronics,all my projects (primarily audio) were built using perforated and bread boards.Those designs were simple and didn't require complex pcbs.Now that i have got an interest in microcontrollers,pcbs are in order.The toner method seems to be the best option and also the cheapest.Before venturing in the field,i would like to inform you that i watched several videos on youtube explaining the process,the only thing that is not clear to me and not explained in those videos is as hereunder.
When the circuit layout is given in a magazine.is it necessary to make a mirror image of the latter?
My question may seem stupid but i want to do things right the first time going smoothly and patiently.Thanks in advance to any recommendations.
Think about this: you will print the image *on paper* "face up" but then you will iron it on copper *face down* because you want toner to touch and stick to copper.
You are mirroring/inverting the image so when you etch the PCB ... it will be unusable.
To compensate for that unavoidable mirroring, you must mirror image first when printing so when ironing it becomes normal again.
One way to avoid mistakes is to add some text to PCB image , it should be "wrong" on paper and again "right" on copper.
You are mirroring/inverting the image so when you etch the PCB ... it will be unusable.
To compensate for that unavoidable mirroring, you must mirror image first when printing so when ironing it becomes normal again.
One way to avoid mistakes is to add some text to PCB image , it should be "wrong" on paper and again "right" on copper.
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