syn08 said:
John,
A friendly reminder: this is the year of 2008 and perhaps it's time to reconsider your 40+ years old experience and results.
Hmmm... What would you remind about if transistors were started to be used in 19'th Century, but tubes invented in the 21'st? 😀
Wavebourn said:
Hmmm... What would you remind about if transistors were started to be used in 19'th Century, but tubes invented in the 21'st? 😀
Hmmmm... What would you do if you were born before your mother? 😀
Mr. Curl,
I saw something today. I made an amp with low global feedback. I use spectrum analyzer with computer soundcard. When I put 19khz+20khz IMD test, the peaking at 1khz is quite high. When I put 18khz+20khz IMD test, the peaking at 2khz is quite high.
Is this always the case with low feedback power amps? Or it is just this design only?
I saw something today. I made an amp with low global feedback. I use spectrum analyzer with computer soundcard. When I put 19khz+20khz IMD test, the peaking at 1khz is quite high. When I put 18khz+20khz IMD test, the peaking at 2khz is quite high.
Is this always the case with low feedback power amps? Or it is just this design only?
Hi, PMA,
Yes, that's exactly what I saw. Mine is around -90dB. What's the secret of making low IMD with low global feedback amp?
Yes, that's exactly what I saw. Mine is around -90dB. What's the secret of making low IMD with low global feedback amp?
It is more, as you have to add 6dB to doublepeak amplitude. Then it is -2.96dB - (-105.26dB) = 102.3dB. It is more than enough. This value is related to distortion by 2nd harmonic, which depends on NPN/PNP diff stage matching.
I'm curious about the 'lower end' too.
What about DC-servos?
Most remove DC and perform as highpass just as capacitors do.
I only saw once a 'DC-accurate' servo that doesn't mixed up the transfer function and only improved the amplifiers DC specs.
regards
What about DC-servos?
Most remove DC and perform as highpass just as capacitors do.
I only saw once a 'DC-accurate' servo that doesn't mixed up the transfer function and only improved the amplifiers DC specs.
regards
Juergen Knoop:
Can you elaborate on that?
Thanks
I only saw once a 'DC-accurate' servo that doesn't mixed up the transfer function and only improved the amplifiers DC specs. regards
Can you elaborate on that?
Thanks
this particulary servo senses input and output DC level and arranges for accurate DC amplification.Can you elaborate on that?
A servo that only senses the output and controls DC to zero serves basically as highpass with the known effects on amplitude and phase response.
One has to question why not use a good quality capacitor instead. 😕
Such a DC accurate servo is used on the Alexander amplifier, which seems not to have a reputation for good sound, but offers a lot of interesting detail solutions.
regards
Usually, servos really screw up DC performance when used. Firstly, they remove the DC component, in order to remove the DC offset, and they will NOT pass DC. This is one of the pitfalls with servos. You should NOT use the servo in the audio bandwidth, itself, or else you add the servo to the audio path in a way as to reduce audio quality. Secondly, you will screw up the low frequency transient response, by excessively removing the DC component for low frequency transients. You should retain the dynamic offset as long as possible, in order to preserve the original waveform. This is most probably one of the components of the audio signal, as to why absolute polarity can be important in really good sound systems.
PS Really good audio coupling caps cost BIG MONEY! More than servos, that's for sure.
PS Really good audio coupling caps cost BIG MONEY! More than servos, that's for sure.
"What I learned in 1971, is that IC's did not sound as good as tubes, even if they MEASURED better than typical tube circuits that we had available."
John, that was 1971 . . . . era of the 741 et al. The op-amp world has moved on since then. Hell, in the interim we even discovered TIM, PIM, their root causes and how to fix them. 100db of feedback? 70dB of feedback or even 50dB - who on this forum is advocating that without some very pointed caveats? Why use 1971 as your reference point when mentioning IC based solutions?
😉
John, that was 1971 . . . . era of the 741 et al. The op-amp world has moved on since then. Hell, in the interim we even discovered TIM, PIM, their root causes and how to fix them. 100db of feedback? 70dB of feedback or even 50dB - who on this forum is advocating that without some very pointed caveats? Why use 1971 as your reference point when mentioning IC based solutions?
😉
next thing, I always wanted to ask, is input protection...
Consumer audio stuff is full of resistors, capacitors, zeners and everything.
DIY stuff usually has no input protection at all.
What about commercial high end equipment?
regards
Consumer audio stuff is full of resistors, capacitors, zeners and everything.
DIY stuff usually has no input protection at all.
What about commercial high end equipment?
regards
I didn't use the 741 in audio. I first used the 741 for servos at Ampex Research back in 1969. I KNEW that they were next to useless for audio. I used the Radiation Inc, (Harris Assoc.) RA911 with extra leads for added bias, compensation and +/- 24V supplies. It was 'almost' good enough in slew rate (+5/-2.5V/us) and capable of 50 ma output. It would actually drive 600 ohms pretty well. This is what I STARTED with, back in 1970. Things have improved in some ways, you know, fet input, lower noise, higher slew rate, but not enough to overcome every problem. Discrete and tubes still tend to be better for analog circuits.
When you have to protect it from others, you do so. That is why we add protection to audio equipment. REAL audio designers do it carefully.
is there a guesstimation, what levels of abuse have to accepted and survived by the equipment?
CE calls for ESD protection, but I'm not shure if this level of protection is really nescessary in practice.
At least the tests, that I heard of, seemed a little bit cruel to semiconductors.
regards
CE calls for ESD protection, but I'm not shure if this level of protection is really nescessary in practice.
At least the tests, that I heard of, seemed a little bit cruel to semiconductors.
regards
We have to keep within our guarantee of performance, and we don't want to break any equipment attached to the product, by overloading it.
syn08 said:
Hmmmm... What would you do if you were born before your mother? 😀
It's a totally different story; no need to invent lamps before sand in order to make it work.
Suppose, after many years of opamps' advancements finally first vacuum triode is available...
What a relaxation for developers struggling for the sound quality, right?
Wavebourn said:
It's a totally different story; no need to invent lamps before sand in order to make it work.
It's not about inventing the wheel, but about developing the solid state physics. While lamps could be very well developed and understood using the 19th century physics (corpuscular theory) plus the Einstein theory he got the Nobel prize for (thermionic emission), semiconductor devices could not be developed without the solid state physics which is based on the quantum theory that was not complete much before the mid 20th century.
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