0.03% THD+N at 20kHz is not too shabby.
I know, not too bad, but rising with frequency. That was/is the point.
An amplifier with a LOW open loop bandwidth would have a 10 times greater difference between 1K and 10KHz or more. That is the difference. Of course, stressing 4MHz devices with 10K, class AB operation is not easy for the amp to do. Today we could do even better, BECAUSE we have better output devices.
Attachments
I know, not too bad, but rising with frequency. That was/is the point.
It is, but if you look at the NAD M2 that is a lot worse and that has won a whole slew of accolades. The Pass XA60.5 Pass Labs XA60.5 monoblock power amplifier Measurements | Stereophile.com should be horrid according to the flatTHD brigade but is rated up with the JC-1 in class A components. I think either would happily suit me if I were in the market for a new power amp.
Of course, Nelson Pass is in the recommended components section as well. However, he is NOT coming on this thread and telling me that I don't know what makes a good audio amp. We have known each other for almost 40 years, and we respect each other. I don't go out of my way to give him a hard time, either.
I hate to remind you guys, but I design successful audio amps for a living, and have been designing my own amps for the last 50 years.
Now let us take an example of my 'success' in making audio power amps and various price points from a recent issue of 'The Absolute Sound' march 2017 as shown by listing under 'Editors' Choice Awards:
Parasound A23, A21, JC-1, for example. There are more choices as well, listed, and we don't even advertise in the magazine anymore. I rarely ever get less than an 'A' rating for any of my designs in either Stereophile or TAS and WE DON'T EVEN ADVERTISE IN THESE MAGAZINES! If I didn't know what I was doing, how could I be this successful? '-)
Yet, you, who do not design audio products for a living or on a regular basis, think that you do know what you are doing?
Ya but you and everyone else who actually listens (including me) are a bunch of idiots that consume placebos all day long gleefully believing what ever is sold to us... so who cares?
I don't go out of my way to give him a hard time, either.
Then please don't peddle the random experimenting within a group of believers as technical fact.
Those who can do . Those think they can make snarky comments upsetting those who can do . I have followed what John Curl has done since the ML days. The proof is in the pudding as it is said.I hate to remind you guys, but I design successful audio amps for a living, and have been designing my own amps for the last 50 years.
Now let us take an example of my 'success' in making audio power amps and various price points from a recent issue of 'The Absolute Sound' march 2017 as shown by listing under 'Editors' Choice Awards:
Parasound A23, A21, JC-1, for example. There are more choices as well, listed, and we don't even advertise in the magazine anymore. I rarely ever get less than an 'A' rating for any of my designs in either Stereophile or TAS and WE DON'T EVEN ADVERTISE IN THESE MAGAZINES! If I didn't know what I was doing, how could I be this successful? '-)
Yet, you, who do not design audio products for a living or on a regular basis, think that you do know what you are doing?
So do not get too upset when the monkey throw the only thing they do well at you . Regards😕
Then please don't peddle the random experimenting within a group of believers as technical fact.
Everybody has beliefs, and nobody is unbiased. It's part of being human, and a function of how brains work. We can at least try to be civil with each other though. I hope JC will lighten up on the bragging type of posts, and others will try to keep things from escalating too much on their part.
Everybody has beliefs, and nobody is unbiased. It's part of being human, and a function of how brains work. We can at least try to be civil with each other though. I hope JC will lighten up on the bragging type of posts, and others will try to keep things from escalating too much on their part.
Best to let it be. Kirchhoff's law or conservation of charge is not something you politely disagree about and discuss.
My random experimenting is how I progress. What about you, Scott. Fired up your lab yet?
Yes, I'm preparing a challenge unfortunately it will entail a commitment to do a real DBT you know you really don't know style. Too much to lose?
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Best to let it be. Kirchhoff's law or conservation of charge is not something you politely disagree about and discuss.
Okay. But, Kirchhoff's law is a simplified case of Maxwell's, so a discussion about when it is close enough may be subject to opinion. Conservation of charge is a more fundamental principle.
In any case, I think we could agree it would be inappropriate to get into a fistfight over either Kirchhoff or Maxwell, so it is a question of degree. That being the case, we don't have to be uncivil, and it's probably not productive anyway. Things just tend to escalate and each side starts to see the other side as evil. No need for that, if just we act like we would like other people to act towards us.
Okay. But, Kirchhoff's law is a simplified case of Maxwell's, so a discussion about when it is close enough may be subject to opinion.
Ummmm... no. Kirchhoff theorems are direct corollaries of the charge conservation and energy conservation principles. Couldn't get closer to the first principles than this.
The only "approximation" is the assumption that the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is much larger than the circuit size. But the same applies to all electrokinetic as we know it, including the Ohm law. Otherwise, we got differential formulations, effectively local versions of the global theorems. Telegrapher's differential equations are the most common example.
no subjective claim - all decideable within EE
of course John is likely hiding a whole farming county's worth of strawman assumptions in " all things being equal"
while I have had to repeatedly point out that the "tricks" that let you get around his assumptions are 40+ year old EE textbook fare https://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-6-010-electronic-feedback-systems-spring-2013/textbook/ specifically Roberge' 2-pole exposition in the final "Compensation Revisited" chapter
with several independent analysis published in the AES
theory, Audio Amp and custom Phase IMD measurement hardware comparable to Qaun's are in Cordell's early 1980's Mosfet Power Amp with Error Correction papers and references
need I summarize John's following totally nontechnical responses, deconstruct his deflections?
I didn't make a single audibility claim - or insist on DBT
this is all settled EE as taught in accredited University programs for decades, knowledge generally applied by thousands of EE in and beyond “Audio” applications
of course John is likely hiding a whole farming county's worth of strawman assumptions in " all things being equal"
while I have had to repeatedly point out that the "tricks" that let you get around his assumptions are 40+ year old EE textbook fare https://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-6-010-electronic-feedback-systems-spring-2013/textbook/ specifically Roberge' 2-pole exposition in the final "Compensation Revisited" chapter
with several independent analysis published in the AES
theory, Audio Amp and custom Phase IMD measurement hardware comparable to Qaun's are in Cordell's early 1980's Mosfet Power Amp with Error Correction papers and references
All else being equal, high frequency open loop response is better for audio designs than extremely high feedback with low frequency open loop response because the differential phase distortion will generally be reduced in the higher frequency open loop response case.
wrong - and you have no excuse for mangling fairly basic feedback theory
references, sims, hardware measurements all have been linked, posted repeatedly in this thread showing otherwise
Walt Jung and Marshall Leach both changed camps, switching from an initial adoption of Otala's "flat loop gain" prescription to admitting in writing that there wasn't the simple connection with low SID/PID/FM IMD and loop gain shape
need I summarize John's following totally nontechnical responses, deconstruct his deflections?
I didn't make a single audibility claim - or insist on DBT
this is all settled EE as taught in accredited University programs for decades, knowledge generally applied by thousands of EE in and beyond “Audio” applications
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You know, it has been 40 years since we (Matti and I) published a definitive article on TIM. Even then, we knew there was more, and exactly 40 years ago I was back in Finland starting new research on what was beyond TIM measurement itself. I didn't get very far, but Matti kept insisting on high open loop bandwidth as being subjectively important, even though amps 'could' be made with relatively high slew rates with a relatively low open loop bandwidth as well.
This was when Matti suggested 'differential phase distortion' a normal video problem, could be the answer. We went our separate ways, both of us making high slew rate power amps for our respective customers, and we both wrote and gave a few other papers for the IEEE and the AES, until around 1980 when Matti wrote about PIM with the mathematical foundation shown and suggestions on how to perhaps measure it. It wound up being more difficult to measure accurately, and only recently, Ron Quan finally really nailed it down.
However, back in 1980, the AES refused to publish Matti's PIM paper due to a Lipshitz et al censorship blockade, and then some real attacks on all of us by Bob Cordell who was trying to make a name for himself, and he had it personally in for Otala. He told me that himself. This crisis caused Matti, Walt Jung, Marshall Leach, and me to write a 15 page rebuttal to Bob Cordell in order to keep the TIM story straight, but Bob went off to test for PIM and he got ambiguous results, so he rejected it being important, much like he had tried to do to TIM, previously. The matter was not overtly pursued for about 15 years, we each going off to do our jobs and projects. Then the basic theory of PIM was brought up in an article by Barrie Gilbert in one of the electronic engineering magazines and research had been going steadily forward, mostly done by Ron Quan these days. Now, you can ignore progress, but it is difficult to ignore what sounds good and what just sounds fair, even if the specs look mostly the same. This is where we stand today.
This was when Matti suggested 'differential phase distortion' a normal video problem, could be the answer. We went our separate ways, both of us making high slew rate power amps for our respective customers, and we both wrote and gave a few other papers for the IEEE and the AES, until around 1980 when Matti wrote about PIM with the mathematical foundation shown and suggestions on how to perhaps measure it. It wound up being more difficult to measure accurately, and only recently, Ron Quan finally really nailed it down.
However, back in 1980, the AES refused to publish Matti's PIM paper due to a Lipshitz et al censorship blockade, and then some real attacks on all of us by Bob Cordell who was trying to make a name for himself, and he had it personally in for Otala. He told me that himself. This crisis caused Matti, Walt Jung, Marshall Leach, and me to write a 15 page rebuttal to Bob Cordell in order to keep the TIM story straight, but Bob went off to test for PIM and he got ambiguous results, so he rejected it being important, much like he had tried to do to TIM, previously. The matter was not overtly pursued for about 15 years, we each going off to do our jobs and projects. Then the basic theory of PIM was brought up in an article by Barrie Gilbert in one of the electronic engineering magazines and research had been going steadily forward, mostly done by Ron Quan these days. Now, you can ignore progress, but it is difficult to ignore what sounds good and what just sounds fair, even if the specs look mostly the same. This is where we stand today.
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that's very shakey ground, world class irony "Now, you can ignore progress..."
http://www.diyaudio.com/forums/lounge/200865-sound-quality-vs-measurements-493.html#post3007773
Thank you for the lead, John.
SY, do you perhaps rememebr where you posted it? It would be a big help.
Otala, Jung, Leach and Curl - sounds a bit like the audio world's version of the Earp brothers. 😀 High Noon At The Audio Saloon. 😀
Where's James Bongiorno on that list to make it Once Only Ever In Your Town? Was he too busy making another one of his, as he calls them, audio pimp suits? 😛
It's a funny thing, but people somehow seem very extreme over Otala's work. They either idolize it, or just plain hate it, no middle ground. He's either a genius, or a complete spin doctor.
I've always thought of him as a methodical, meticulous man, who saw a problem, sat down, thought it over and proposed some possible solutions to it, never (to the best of my knowledge) claiming that his were the only answers and/or solutions.
Perhaps because he seems to be so articulate, he puts it down like it was the natural thing to do, makes it all sound so easy. This always seems to irritate a lot of wooden scientists who never had a single original idea in their life and resent everyone who did.
If you’re going to use “Expert Opinion” as evidence you really should know what the cited experts say - over time, after some consideration
Jung and Leach both later published that they came to disagree with Otala's prescription of "flat open loop gain" as being "the cure" for TIM
both explicitly stated that high open loop gain "high feedback" amps can be designed with low TIM
I have reread "the reply" paper several times over decades - it really has next to no new technical content - no new analysis - doesn't directly address, much less "destroy" Cordell's technical analysis
John Curl is on record as to Otala's "reasonableness" - admitting he was into “politicking" – claiming he even sabotaged John’s consulting opportunity
I recall “poison pen” attacks claiming “the reply” was withheld from publication to avoid embarrassing “powerful” JAES figures – a piece of McCarthy worthy spin
http://www.diyaudio.com/forums/lounge/200865-sound-quality-vs-measurements-493.html#post3007773
the Gilbert article is pretty much an electronic feedback theory "intelligence test" - most citing it here are simply looking for any support for bashing negative feedback - without in fact understanding it
and yes I will state that from what I've read of Charles Hansen's posts he either doesn't deeply understand feedback theory or is deliberately misrepresenting it for commercial reasons
the example Gilbert uses is basically like using a 741 class op amp for 10x gain at audio with 10 V output - a deliberate bad choice to show the potential problems with misapplication – op amps with insufficient loop gain aren’t completely linear – so what – we can choose better op amps for the task
we can use 50 MHz op amps today, with "more linear" jfet or Analog's new linearized input stage (AD8099, ADA4898 family)
if you understand Gilbert's article you should be able to figure the order of the improvements from greater GBW, with more linear input diff stage, and lower output V swing (with the typical lower consumer line level - most audio DAC circuits use 2 Vrms fullscale)
(hint: Gilbert's undegenerated bjt example input tanh distortion is primarily 3 rd order - proportional to the 3 power of the diff input V - 50x higher GBW/signal ratio gives 2500 x lower input tanh distortion ratio )
DAC I/V is still challenging for op amps due the switching step/glitch edge rate - puting a lead C to give the 1st pole of the anti-image reconstruction analog low pass filter in the I/V feedback is a help
with the feedback C it then becomes important to have low output Z - while flagship audio DAC manufacturer's demo circuits still use 5534 it is poor in this regard - modern isolated junction, complementary processes with faster, more nearly equal PNP, NPN Q are much better
Analog's new linearized input stage op amps treat the input signal linearly for much larger diff input V - and are fast, have high output current (ie could be heavily Class A biased) should be a real advance for op amp I/V
then there is also the possibility of advancing op amp I/V performance with Hawksford's multiloop topology idea
http://www.diyaudio.com/forums/digi...sford-iv-nested-loop-op-amps.html#post2218591
(I've since found that the op amp output Z isn't remotely properly modeled by the manufacturer's models - the circuit would need some bench work with a 300 MHz 'scope before recommending it generally but I think it shows a largely unexplored way forward)
Ummmm... no. Kirchhoff theorems are direct corollaries of the charge conservation and energy conservation principles. Couldn't get closer to the first principles than this.
The only "approximation" is the assumption that the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is much larger than the circuit size. But the same applies to all electrokinetic as we know it, including the Ohm law. Otherwise, we got differential formulations, effectively local versions of the global theorems. Telegrapher's differential equations are the most common example.
Thank you for the thoughtful reply. I see you point, but I think others may prefer a different perspective.
My views are in keeping with what is already well stated here: https://piazza-resources.s3.amazona...950478&Signature=0uFn6+V2cK5psESrr80J6R4zrhQ=
So far as I am aware, this is pretty much representative of what is usually taught in engineering schools.
EDIT: Just for anyone reading along, I would also like to respectfully disagree with Scott about wavelength being the only issue with approximation. To me, circuit layout is part of the end circuit, and stray coupling exists and can cause problems even when the frequency low. With respect to what happens with fields around wires and components at any frequency, Maxwell applies accurately in all cases.
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Now we are talking 😀
George
Hi George, it does not seem so 😀. Boulder is probably forbidden here, for some reason 😀.
I do not understand why - it is big enough, powerful enough, expensive enough, awarded enough, reviewed well, milled from single piece, up to 120 power transistors per amplifier - what's wrong? 😉
re Boulder:
maybe it was just because the EE guy couldn't make it but the Marketing rep really never indicated that the cirucit/objective performance was ever an issue
price is easy to adjust upwards - limited only by case appearance/weight/finish...
...another example is a US amp manufacturer who contemplated closing, as last gasp effort went from sheet metal to machined cases, careful matching anodize apperance, integral eye candy heatsink machining, "jewelry" connectors - and 3-5x price increases
in an hr presentation at BAS they never once mentioned actual circuit design changes - now a regular buyer of full page Stereophile ads - doing great business
maybe it was just because the EE guy couldn't make it but the Marketing rep really never indicated that the cirucit/objective performance was ever an issue
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