This is not true for addition but for multiplication.
I see here that some stack BS on non sequetur on preconcieved and untrue notion, but this doesn't make those authors right half of the time. Truth could be achieved only if those in error would acknowledge their falacies, but they won't, as a rule.
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Ah, I see.
Problem is, you may not have a clue what I was referring to.
(stack BS on non sequitur on preconceived)
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And remember the National Lampoon's Deteriorata, which advises that two wrongs don't make a right --- but three do.
I'm amused by the fuse(d). A non-technical professor I used to talk to, who was interested in audio but ill-equipped to evaluate it other than by his ears, once cited the notion put forth by someone that he could "hear the fuse" in a transducer circuit as obviously crazy nonsense. He was quite put out when I told him that it was not that implausible, although I supposed the effects likely small, particularly when compared to other distortion mechanisms and the voice coil changes under such drive, although their time constants would be larger.
I asked him how it was he thought fuses worked anyway, and it turned out, not surprisingly, that he had never thought about it.
I'm amused by the fuse(d). A non-technical professor I used to talk to, who was interested in audio but ill-equipped to evaluate it other than by his ears, once cited the notion put forth by someone that he could "hear the fuse" in a transducer circuit as obviously crazy nonsense. He was quite put out when I told him that it was not that implausible, although I supposed the effects likely small, particularly when compared to other distortion mechanisms and the voice coil changes under such drive, although their time constants would be larger.
I asked him how it was he thought fuses worked anyway, and it turned out, not surprisingly, that he had never thought about it.
One would wonder whether a fuse on the mains would be noticeable with the general mess most mains is with noise etc...
I still see remarks that indicate people imagine that the digital domain can and should be carried, somehow, all the way to the speaker terminals (and by implication, that this would somehow be "better"). So many misconceptions, so little time.
But few were more bizarrely confused than Sidney Harman, who started one day insisting that Harman International was a "digital" organization, and became impatient with anyone asking what the hell he meant by that. Needless to say, it was career-limiting to press the matter.
since it was quote caused by my statement here is some clarification
Electrical work is the work done on a charged particle by an electric field. Thus there is work with out humans and is then not antropomorphism in this usage as far as I understand it. My view was the less that a system has to correct the better the chance of a correct out come in real time. By the by Jan I do in joy your linear audio series you have a nice product there.
Sidney was getting old but that surely must have been a senior moment! Probably meant to say that they needed to stay up with the times in playback.
My niece called me a bad name the other day when I wouldn't turn up the radio in the car so she could hear a song that was on in the background. It was just loud enough to hear the music without having to hear the rubbing voice-coil when any bass notes hit! I had already cut all the bass that I could. Perhaps I should have turned the bladed DIN power fuse around and the rub would have gone away!
My niece called me a bad name the other day when I wouldn't turn up the radio in the car so she could hear a song that was on in the background. It was just loud enough to hear the music without having to hear the rubbing voice-coil when any bass notes hit! I had already cut all the bass that I could. Perhaps I should have turned the bladed DIN power fuse around and the rub would have gone away!
some 18s and 4 or 5 kw driving them might make you niece happy . Subs are for regulating heart rate drive them accordingly . At those freq it more hydraulics than pneumatics in a car . Been there done that for people 25 years ago. It not about music it all about thump.
BTW I described earlier how complex the audio coding on a CD is and that there's no chance in hell that one could selectively physically modify pits or lands to 'upgrade' your audio.
It is actually much more complex than I described, so read and shiver:
"Each audio sample is a signed 16-bit two's complement integer, with sample values ranging from −32768 to +32767. The source audio data is divided into frames, containing twelve samples each (six left and right samples, alternating), for a total of 192 bits (24 bytes) of audio data per frame.
This stream of audio frames, as a whole, is then subjected to CIRC encoding, which segments and rearranges the data and expands it with parity bits in a way that allows occasional read errors to be detected and corrected. CIRC encoding also interleaves the audio frames throughout the disc over several consecutive frames so that the information will be more resistant to burst errors. Therefore, a physical frame on the disc will actually contain information from multiple logical audio frames. This process adds 64 bits of error correction data to each frame. After this, 8 bits of subcode or subchannel data are added to each of these encoded frames, which is used for control and addressing when playing the CD.
CIRC encoding plus the subcode byte generate 33-bytes long frames, called "channel-data" frames. These frames are then modulated through eight-to-fourteen modulation (EFM), where each 8-bit word is replaced with a corresponding 14-bit word designed to reduce the number of transitions between 0 and 1. This reduces the density of physical pits on the disc and provides an additional degree of error tolerance. Three "merging" bits are added before each 14-bit word for disambiguation and synchronization. In total there are 33 × (14 + 3) = 561 bits. A 27-bit word (a 24-bit pattern plus 3 merging bits) is added to the beginning of each frame to assist with synchronization, so the reading device can locate frames easily. With this, a frame ends up containing 588 bits of "channel data" (which are decoded to only 192 bits music).
The frames of channel data are finally written to disc physically in the form of pits and lands, with each pit or land representing a series of zeroes, and with the transition points—the edge of each pit—representing 1."
jan
(From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Book_(audio_CD_standard) )
It is actually much more complex than I described, so read and shiver:
"Each audio sample is a signed 16-bit two's complement integer, with sample values ranging from −32768 to +32767. The source audio data is divided into frames, containing twelve samples each (six left and right samples, alternating), for a total of 192 bits (24 bytes) of audio data per frame.
This stream of audio frames, as a whole, is then subjected to CIRC encoding, which segments and rearranges the data and expands it with parity bits in a way that allows occasional read errors to be detected and corrected. CIRC encoding also interleaves the audio frames throughout the disc over several consecutive frames so that the information will be more resistant to burst errors. Therefore, a physical frame on the disc will actually contain information from multiple logical audio frames. This process adds 64 bits of error correction data to each frame. After this, 8 bits of subcode or subchannel data are added to each of these encoded frames, which is used for control and addressing when playing the CD.
CIRC encoding plus the subcode byte generate 33-bytes long frames, called "channel-data" frames. These frames are then modulated through eight-to-fourteen modulation (EFM), where each 8-bit word is replaced with a corresponding 14-bit word designed to reduce the number of transitions between 0 and 1. This reduces the density of physical pits on the disc and provides an additional degree of error tolerance. Three "merging" bits are added before each 14-bit word for disambiguation and synchronization. In total there are 33 × (14 + 3) = 561 bits. A 27-bit word (a 24-bit pattern plus 3 merging bits) is added to the beginning of each frame to assist with synchronization, so the reading device can locate frames easily. With this, a frame ends up containing 588 bits of "channel data" (which are decoded to only 192 bits music).
The frames of channel data are finally written to disc physically in the form of pits and lands, with each pit or land representing a series of zeroes, and with the transition points—the edge of each pit—representing 1."
jan
(From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Book_(audio_CD_standard) )
Triodethom'
Yes been there also but the system was a complete monitor system in the rear deck, mid and high horns and two 25lb. 8" speakers with tri-amps and hand made crossovers with parametric eq. Perhaps when I put my hot rod back together I can do that again. Never want to hear the trunk rattling or the license plate for that matter!
Yes been there also but the system was a complete monitor system in the rear deck, mid and high horns and two 25lb. 8" speakers with tri-amps and hand made crossovers with parametric eq. Perhaps when I put my hot rod back together I can do that again. Never want to hear the trunk rattling or the license plate for that matter!
Nowadays, it may be safer to pick up a hitchhiking bum.
(agenda note : "40+ Only" bumper sticker)
they are getting pretty close, the Zetex DDFA chips (such as those used in the NAD gear) leave only the final output stage power transistors before the speaker cable and even those have direct Digital feedback to the Zetex, but methinks the modulator is still an analogue device. All very blackbox though, 100% un-diy-friendly
Demian, have you any experience with these parts yet? pretty unobtanium for the rest of us and looks to continue to be that way for the foreseeable future. Zetex is nomore really afaik, but I read the audio department is still around somewhere. the links and contact details go around and around in circles.
All
yeah digital audio reproduction is filled with horrors of backdoor loving errors, finding their way up the amplifier back passages and corrupting the virgin signal via a power supply lacking protection.
This seems to be the theory as to how bitperfect USB transfers can have 'dark bits' as well. the goal posts are moved all over the place on this one, sometimes its presented as something that rides with the data as an error by those not properly versed in the lingo, but the theory with more handwaving countermeasures sometimes presents it as a common mode noise that rides along with the data and kills musicality and dynamics.
the error is purported to be caused to varying degrees by FLAC decoding, high CPU workload, or simply running non-audiophile approved playback software, or the wrong brand of memory (i'm dead serious). these different types of CPU load supposedly produce audibly different harmonics carried on ground and the USB. real tinfoil hat stuff, but with enough tenuous links to hook some.
so this provides the loop de loophole for 2 sets of bitperfect data sounding different, simply because the 2 playback systems, even the same one and the same file, played back at 2 different passages of time.
the offending modern playback systems apparently have the worst PSRR known to man.
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Jan,
That so sounds like the DNA sequencing and translations to RNA that I just had to help my daughter with in her biology class. Frames and redundant word lengths with code reading and all. So similar it is almost scary to think about! 2001 a Space Odyssey, Hello Hal......
That so sounds like the DNA sequencing and translations to RNA that I just had to help my daughter with in her biology class. Frames and redundant word lengths with code reading and all. So similar it is almost scary to think about! 2001 a Space Odyssey, Hello Hal......
qusp,
Oh no, I better check and see if I am using ECC ram, perhaps that is making my sound sound funny.......
Oh no, I better check and see if I am using ECC ram, perhaps that is making my sound sound funny.......
Sadly true, but it was more than a senior moment --- he featured it in an annual report around that time. The closest we could divine (and there was much puzzling and discussion) was that it might be related to some sort of parallelism associated with his conception of multibit word lengths. But this didn't get one very far in explanatory power.
Funny part did 2 8in woofers 8ohm in my wife crx had far better thumb than one of the guys with 18 in his crx . Well I did do a Small-Thele box for them . Physics was was beyond most of them back then. the problem is the bass does not come together in the car but gels outside of it . Trying to produce too much energy in too small a space . Good power down to about 80hz will work just fine in most cars . Or use 18kw and drive 4 18 in a slot loaded box using up all of the of the suv if fling hair thing is your gig see youtube.
Well if you think about it, those Philips and SONY engineers in the 80-ies last century really knew their stuff!
jan
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