how to determine the pin layout of NPN or PnP?

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by using multimeter?..
example SGD and BCE.thanks for advice..
why different manufacturer have different pin layout..this is so confusing.. i have brought some transistor but dont know which manufacture.

rgds
tone
 

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Easy if your multimeter has a diode tester. A BJT can bee seen as two diodes connected in series with either their cathodes (PNP) or anodes (NPN) tied together at the B (base) pin of your transistor.

Your multimeter will "see" a diode from base to collector and another one from base to emitter, if the polarity is correct.

That way you find out

a) if you have a working BJT

b) whether it is PNP or NPN

c) which of the three pins is B (base)

In case of a power transistor, the C (collector) pin is connected to case.

If you enter the type - as written on the case - into a search engine, you will often find a datasheet or some other site with pin layout and data. Or you can ask here in the forum.

There was a DIY component tester in Elektor magazine some time ago - looked like the one on the picture above. It would also give you hfe and Vbe.
 
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