• WARNING: Tube/Valve amplifiers use potentially LETHAL HIGH VOLTAGES.
    Building, troubleshooting and testing of these amplifiers should only be
    performed by someone who is thoroughly familiar with
    the safety precautions around high voltages.

Filament temperature versus anode dissipation

Isn’t it still a vacuum because electrons are very small (occupy very little space) and also do not contribute to gas pressure inside the bulb? The only “pressure“ they exert is when they whack into the plate or screen and cause it to heat up. Not the kind of pressure you would get from more massive particles.
 
Ah they are fiendish little devils - quick as look at one and it will spin the other way and go and hide in its shell, only to hit you in the eye if it finds a better hidey hole. And some are even worse - especially the ones that think themselves beta than the others, for they are all powerful but also psychotic as they don't know which world they want to live in, and come with ghosts which pass right through all matter of things. Perhaps best to just wave them goodbye as they drift off on their holey journey to Metallica.