Absolute phase - which one is it, the one of the instrument or the one of the microphone?

How is absolute phase conveyed in a non DC coupled or high pass filtered recording chain.
To be more exact, recording chains do all have a bandpass character. But absolute polarity could still be had by carefully taking care of the polarity of symmetrical connections and by the correct use of inverting and non-inverting circuit stages.
But asking this question tells me that you actually care about group delay distortion. Tons of highpass poles in a chain do definitely not help in this respect. There should be as few as possible and those that are only responsible for DC blocking should have as low a cutoff frequency as possible.

Regards

Charles