What is the Universe expanding into..

Do you think there was anything before the big bang?

  • I don't think there was anything before the Big Bang

    Votes: 56 12.5%
  • I think something existed before the Big Bang

    Votes: 200 44.7%
  • I don't think the big bang happened

    Votes: 54 12.1%
  • I think the universe is part of a mutiverse

    Votes: 201 45.0%

  • Total voters
    447
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You want "actual evidence"? It's all a bunch of models... Physics is all a bunch of models. Only engineers, humanities majors and lawyers believe in 'actual evidence".
Sabine Hossenfelder points out that there are hundreds of competing theories about the universe yet we seem no closer to the truth about a unified theory, dark energy or dark matter. There seem to be no end of papers that ‘re-churn’ existing observations or papers with thousands of citations (eg Juan Maldacena).
 
Are you're blowing smoke up my a**! 😀

I assure you that I am very much alive!

https://gizmodo.com/blowing-smoke-up-your-***-used-to-be-literal-1578620709
It was a serious point I was making. We appear to live on the surface of a 4D Spacetime manifold.

I think this is right, otherwise the factor of 8 Pi would not appear in Einstein's Metrical Tensor.

The most interesting Space to inhabit is doubtless 4D. In which exist 6 Platonic Solids. In higher dimensions than that things just plain fall apart. It reduces to three.

5 Platonic Solids.PNG


The 24-Cell must be left to your imagination.

I have always been considered a competent Geometer. I tend to think in intrinsic co-ordinates. As did my good friend Carl Friedrich Gauss:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Gauss

Surely it is staring us in the face that Toroidal Geometry is the correct one:

Gaussian Curvature in Geometry.jpg


I consider matters of the Conics trivial:

Conics.JPG


Hope that clears it up.

But TBH, I have no idea what is going on either. Beyond the notion that our Universe is Finite but Unbounded. 🙂
 

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I'm back got left out kinda like Galu my internet is a hotspot off phone and after all the rain in a very isolated area trees are wet and have no internet,so in my tiny mind and lack of previous people to share their knowledge (called education) I think the universe holds the answer , so picture an a molecule with 9 orbiting electrons is it any different then Jupiter with its 9 moons just my own personal opinion but I think the model is already shown through the workings,so maybe its in our face but we dont see it because we are thinking too hard
 
Surely it is staring us in the face that Toroidal Geometry is the correct one

If so, the universe is finite and closed in on itself like a doughnut, or torus.

Steve, we need to distinguish between the geometry and the topology of the universe.

A doughnut is geometrically flat (as explained in the link), but there's more to shape than geometry.

There's also topology, which permits one or more of the dimensions of the universe to connect back with each other.

Could we point a spaceship in one direction and eventually return to where we started, or would the rate of expansion of the universe make this impossible?

https://www.livescience.com/universe-three-dimensional-donut.html
 

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Why would our universe be a torus? Doesn’t seem to gel with a single point beginning. I think someone has been spending too much time in Tim Horton’s.

There are many possible topologies of the universe.

The simplest and most studied topology of the universe is the 3-torus which is the analogue of the torus, one dimension up.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-torus

The actual shape of a 3-torus universe is impossible to represent or imagine, but we can use the analogy of a torus instead.

I believe the model does gel with "a single point beginning" because the shape of the universe can be determined by studying the Cosmic Microwave Background - which is the remnant of the Big Bang.

P.S. I am not a topologist, I'm just trying to understand it all myself. However topology is so highly mathematical that I expect I never will!
 
The Big Bang was not like an explosion where debris flies outward from a central point. The universe is stretching in all directions - every point in the distant universe is moving away from every other point.

Neither an infinite nor a finite universe has an "edge". The universe is 'all there is' - there is nothing beyond it.
 
I like the origin theory that God was playing with a chemistry set, say she/he got for Christmas, and something went terribly wrong and caused an explosion. This would explain both the creation theory and the absentee god issue. So now we can all get along.

(I’m expecting this post to be removed shortly 😁)
 
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it was obviously an explosion, d’uh, otherwise scientists wouldn’t have called it the Big Bang.

Really! 🤣

The term "Big Bang" was an expression coined by Fred Hoyle to belittle a theory he very much disliked.

He totally rejected the "Big Bang" theory and believed instead in the "Steady-State" theory of the universe.

https://www.thoughtco.com/steady-state-theory-2699310

Big Bang is a misnomer because it conjures up the image of an explosion. In spite of that, the term has become a staple part of our vocabularly.
 
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