Then what should be/is consequently observed by the observer due to the approaching border?
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Your premise of an approaching 'border of darkness' may be unsupportable.
If a galaxy eventually reached or exceeded the speed of light relative to us, the light which it emitted billions of years ago would continue to coast on as normal, never having to move across a region of space that was stretching faster than the speed of light, and therefore would eventually reach us.
If a galaxy eventually reached or exceeded the speed of light relative to us, the light which it emitted billions of years ago would continue to coast on as normal, never having to move across a region of space that was stretching faster than the speed of light, and therefore would eventually reach us.
Not my premise, there could be a something akin to Hawking radiation due to quantum effects.
From what I can ascertain, a universe dominated by dark matter and ordinary matter will not have an event horizon.
Only in a model of the universe dominated by dark energy would there be an event horizon.
Of course, the existence of dark energy remains a hypothesis so the jury is still out regarding the existence of a spherical event horizon.
Interesting concept though!
silverprout said:
As if, I am the author of the quoted dictionaries! You are the one who chose the word 'onanism'. Try google.com with keywords meaning of onan -bible -biblical.
Onanism as described by the quoted dictionaries, is definitely not a complement, to ever positively stand for a healthy 'intellectual "excitation" '. It can only imply an empty sense of self which is often the result of personal delusion and a disproportionate sense of self.
At my age, I am well past that stage.
alternate or mirror dimensions from a simulation framework
What is time ?
In a simulated environment time for the guest is whatever the host says it is
Are there other dimensions or mirror universes?
On the assumption that these dimensions are time sharing it may not be possible to observe the alternate universes directly
What is time ?
In a simulated environment time for the guest is whatever the host says it is
Are there other dimensions or mirror universes?
On the assumption that these dimensions are time sharing it may not be possible to observe the alternate universes directly
When I asked the same question of my friend he replied "Yes, and it's blowing out of Uranus."
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I've heard the story of that word in a radio literature debate, every participant had given its own point of view concerning the word.
Every perception is a conception and every souvenir is a re-conception, we can't stop the evolution of a word because its definition can change within the time, the langage works by unity of time.
DESI tracks 35,000,000 galaxies in dark energy hunt.
"The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) has been retrofitted on to the 4m Mayall telescope at the Kitt Peak observatory in Arizona, US.
The aim of the five-year programme is to shed light on Dark Energy - the mysterious force thought to drive an accelerated expansion of the Universe.
In just one year scientists will have surveyed more galaxies than all the other telescopes in the world combined.
There have been other similar projects, but DESI will cover a much larger volume of space and will measure the acceleration of the expansion of the Universe three times more accurately than ever before."
Telescope tracks 35 million galaxies in Dark Energy hunt - BBC News
"The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) has been retrofitted on to the 4m Mayall telescope at the Kitt Peak observatory in Arizona, US.
The aim of the five-year programme is to shed light on Dark Energy - the mysterious force thought to drive an accelerated expansion of the Universe.
In just one year scientists will have surveyed more galaxies than all the other telescopes in the world combined.
There have been other similar projects, but DESI will cover a much larger volume of space and will measure the acceleration of the expansion of the Universe three times more accurately than ever before."
Telescope tracks 35 million galaxies in Dark Energy hunt - BBC News
I'd rather visualise it as a nice pair of jugs!
Now, that's a nice theory! And it could be .. err.. expanded nicely but perhaps we shouldn't go there!
The ruler and other sometimes confusing items are fairly well explained on the wiki page for this Expansion of the universe - Wikipedia
Two useful quotes - It's easier to paste from wiki than a textbook! :
"Regardless of the overall shape of the universe, the question of what the universe is expanding into is one which does not require an answer according to the theories which describe the expansion; the way we define space in our universe in no way requires additional exterior space into which it can expand since an expansion of an infinite expanse can happen without changing the infinite extent of the expanse. All that is certain is that the manifold of space in which we live simply has the property that the distances between objects are getting larger as time goes on. This only implies the simple observational consequences associated with the metric expansion explored below. No "outside" or embedding in hyperspace is required for an expansion to occur. The visualizations often seen of the universe growing as a bubble into nothingness are misleading in that respect. There is no reason to believe there is anything "outside" of the expanding universe into which the universe expands.
Even if the overall spatial extent is infinite and thus the universe cannot get any "larger", we still say that space is expanding because, locally, the characteristic distance between objects is increasing. As an infinite space grows, it remains infinite."
"In cosmology, we cannot use a ruler to measure metric expansion, because our ruler internal forces easily overcome the extremely slow expansion of space leaving the ruler intact. Also any objects on or near earth that we might measure are being held together or pushed apart by several forces which are far larger in their effects. So even if we could measure the tiny expansion that is still happening, we would not notice the change on a small scale or in everyday life. On a large intergalactic scale, we can use other tests of distance and these do show that space is expanding, even if a ruler on earth could not measure it."
And the good old raisin bread model...
Expansion of the universe - Wikipedia
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Probably not the best 'currant' model!
The expansion of the Universe has no an effect when a binding force - gravitational, electromagnetic or nuclear - is present to overcome it.
On the scale of planets, solar systems and galaxies, gravitational forces dominate e.g. the galaxies in our Local Group aren't expanding away from each other, but are being pulled together by gravity.
However, on a larger scale, there is competition between the Universe's expansion and the gravitational attraction of all the matter present within it.
It's only on the largest scales of all, where the binding forces are too weak to defeat the rate of expansion, that expansion dominates.
That is why we need to look to the most distant galaxies in order to observe and measure the rate of expansion of the Universe.
There's no hard evidence for the existence of a concealed mirror universe.
However, physicists find the idea tempting as it could explain discrepancies in the time taken for neutrons to decay into protons outside of the atomic nucleus.
Around 1% of neutrons have been found to live 9 seconds longer than the norm.
To explain this it is postulated that the longer lived neutrons may be spending time in a mirror universe before crossing back into reality and decaying into a proton.
To test this hypothesis, physicists are devising an experiment where neutrons are fired at an impenetrable wall. If any are detected on the opposite side of the wall this will signify that they've arrived there via a mirror universe!
There's no hard evidence for the existence of a concealed mirror universe.
However, physicists find the idea tempting as it could explain discrepancies in the time taken for neutrons to decay into protons outside of the atomic nucleus.
Around 1% of neutrons have been found to live 9 seconds longer than the norm.
To explain this it is postulated that the longer lived neutrons may be spending time in a mirror universe before crossing back into reality and decaying into a proton.
To test this hypothesis, physicists are devising an experiment where neutrons are fired at an impenetrable wall. If any are detected on the opposite side of the wall this will signify that they've arrived there via a mirror universe!
It has also been now accepted that the universe is curved
, probably a soap bubble
Which dumbazz came up with that idea?It has also been now accepted that the universe is curved
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I would like posters like Galu, etc, to comment what they imagine dark matter is. This is thought to account for over 80% of the universe's total mass.
Its far less popular competitor theory is the Modified Newtonian Mechanics theory which states, the force producing acceleration at very low accelerations diverts from F=ma.
So, according to readers, is it dark matter or MOND?
Its far less popular competitor theory is the Modified Newtonian Mechanics theory which states, the force producing acceleration at very low accelerations diverts from F=ma.
So, according to readers, is it dark matter or MOND?
I touched on the subject of dark matter as far back as post #15, but was drawing upon the imaginations of minds greater than mine!
I was under the impression that MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) cannot explain certain phenomena that dark matter can, such as the patterns seen in the cosmic microwave background or the clustering of galaxies, and applies only on the scales of single galaxies.
However, I only know as much about the debate as I can read and understand on the web.
Perhaps I should find out more about dark matter halos?
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