I may have indeed abused the Holcos but the Dale RN's have never let me down. I can see why they were used on discrete op amps in 69.
It's actually very short and can be found in its entirely online here:
http://linearaudio.nl/sites/linearaudio.net/files/langevin%20im%20in%20tape%20recorders.pdf
Regrettably it is so old that is full of errors. For example it says:
"Intermodulation distortion can only be created by mixing
two frequencies."
In fact Intermodulation distortion can be created whenever more than one frequency is present. Two frequencies is a simplistic example. In music the number of frequencies available to be intermodulated can be far larger.
This is hardly the end of its errors.
The concedes early on that sound effects create aharmonic IM. Music commonly contains percussive sounds that are similar to the example the paper contains.
Thus it is easy to conclude that using it as a proof text that even just modest amounts of low order distortion in audio amplifiers can in some sense be audibly tolerable is not warranted.
Got a paper that is relevant, valid and supports your claim?
No such word as aharmonic and anharmonic has a very different meaning. Differentiating IM from THD is not accurately described as anharmonic.
There is also inharmonic in music, also not generated by amplifiers.
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confirmation bias extends to selective reading of the same article - and can go both ways
John is quite often seen citing papers, articles that others of us think actually hurt his argument more than help
John is quite often seen citing papers, articles that others of us think actually hurt his argument more than help
Looks like the acolytes are getting nervous 😎
*Specially* because heresies are being uttered in public, at the heart of the Temple, straight at the Main Priest and Head Sorcerer, and nothing happens.
No Earthquakes, Tsunamis, nor bands of locusts covering the Sky, not even a cockroach invasion in the kitchen 😕
Although maybe present Mount Etna's eruption is a Punishment from the Sound Gods after all, we should check whether Catania's people, in the path of a full eruption, believe in "resistor sound" or not
, or how many frequencies are needed to create intermodulation 😱 :
*Specially* because heresies are being uttered in public, at the heart of the Temple, straight at the Main Priest and Head Sorcerer, and nothing happens.
No Earthquakes, Tsunamis, nor bands of locusts covering the Sky, not even a cockroach invasion in the kitchen 😕
Although maybe present Mount Etna's eruption is a Punishment from the Sound Gods after all, we should check whether Catania's people, in the path of a full eruption, believe in "resistor sound" or not
, or how many frequencies are needed to create intermodulation 😱 :
They were new in 1997. These days I feel lucky to get through hole resistors in the values I want. 😡 Fortunately parts in stock are much better than $$ in the bank and they covert better.
It's easy to create false statements by truncating a sentence. The complete sentence:
"Intermodulation distortion can only be created by mixing
two frequencies in a nonlinear system: a single frequency
will only produce harmonic distortion."
I think 'two or more' would suffice and it is a bit of a nit to pick on this relatively small bit of sloppiness.
Just curious how components with ferromagnetic leads (or other parts) have an effect on the sound... I have never known this to be a problem apart from boards going in MRI scanners (for obvious reasons). So some information and links to documentation regarding the affect they have would be appreciated.
Why don't you stop jumping in every time someone asks a sensible and relevant question of your Master. Its very irritating and ruins what is effectively a debate, if you don't like your beliefs questioned go to one of the more restricted forums were free speech and debate are discouraged.
Intermodulation / harmonic distortion is just different view at the same non-linearity. The non-linearity is the case, not the way how we describe or depict it.
The first half of the statement is still false.
Adding a true statement to a false statement does not make both of them true.
I just isolated the true and false components of the statement and focused the reader's attention on the false part.
For being a non-existent word, aharmonic appears in the scientific literature quite a bit.
I agree that aharmonic and anharmonic are different words with different meanings, but they are related.
Since you introduced the word anharmonic to this discussion, any such error would be yours.
Looks to me like a post full of deflections, based on nit-pickng over the meaning of words.
Absolutely!
If I want to shake people up I point out that IM and THD are not physical properties, but instead are ways of characterizing nonlinearity which is the basic physical property.
THD is sometimes defined as a means for characterizing nonlineariy, and in this usage its not as horrible as it can be in other roles.
Agreed. If it were the only problem in the paper.
The paper seems to be based on the idea that people who use reproduction equipment can pick and choose which music they record and play, or at least it is cited by people who seem to want to give a pass to legacy technologies such as vacuum tube amplification and analog media (both tape and vinyl) that has audible nonlinear distortion.
To its credit, the paper can be interpreted to say that guitar music is far more tolerant of IM than percussive music.
A more accurate statement of the situation may be that amplifier and recorder nonlinear distortion is more tolerable when they are called on to reproduce one musical sound at a time and when that sound has a relatively simple harmonic structure.
Thus, the acceptability of the use of high distortion audio gear for reproducing solo string instruments such as guitars may be explained.
I've noticed that hi fi show demos of SET amplifiers and analog media is often based on recordings of solo instruments, and now this makes sense.
They happen in nature, many musical instruments make them.
In general IM creates non-harmonics, and since every nonlinearity is a potential generator of IM...
It seems like they haven't sunk in, yet.
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