Type of noise .
It's called need to have some sleep . Still does any of it seem reasonable ? 1/f noise in valves , yes . Is that so of transistors or is it more Johnson noise ?
It's called need to have some sleep . Still does any of it seem reasonable ? 1/f noise in valves , yes . Is that so of transistors or is it more Johnson noise ?
Nigel, you are outside your knowledge level. Do a little Googling on noise. All active devices have both 1/f and Johnson noise. It is just the ratio of each and the onset of the 1/f or the transition frequency, below which the 1/f dominates.
Noise
John I risked that and knew it . Just wish I knew what Malcolm said . I wish Joachim Gerhard was in the debate as he told me . He seemed very convinced .
John I risked that and knew it . Just wish I knew what Malcolm said . I wish Joachim Gerhard was in the debate as he told me . He seemed very convinced .
Low level noise is not trivial in masking/modifying effects of low level sound.
Get a a white or pink noise source you can run separately from your system and put it near your speakers. You will be surprised at how little you have to turn it up before it affects your musical experience.
Get a a white or pink noise source you can run separately from your system and put it near your speakers. You will be surprised at how little you have to turn it up before it affects your musical experience.
Joachim Gerhard
Joachim your in box is full . Your moment for glory has past .
Perhaps it was this .
AES E-Library » Ultra-Low-Noise Amplifiers and Granularity Distortion
Joachim your in box is full . Your moment for glory has past .
Perhaps it was this .
AES E-Library » Ultra-Low-Noise Amplifiers and Granularity Distortion
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.... If the nonlinearity is truly time invariant I'd tend to agree (and that's one of our tacit assumptions).
well you can expand to include slowly time variant nonlinearity too where the time constants are less than the nominal circuit speed - then the slow time variance is separable in the perturbation theory sense - one reason I really can't get excited over Lavardin/"memory distortion" from thermal device modulation - just too slow relative to feedback amp dynamics to have effects worth worrying over in a high feedback amp
of course low local feedback only amps could have thermal drift transfer function modulation of operating points give possibly audible response changes - clear win for global high feedback
the only class of time variant/memory distortion I see to worry about is hysteresis
of course low local feedback only amps could have thermal drift transfer function modulation of operating points give possibly audible response changes - clear win for global high feedback
the only class of time variant/memory distortion I see to worry about is hysteresis
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Fuzzy distiortion
http://www.essex.ac.uk/csee/research/audio_lab/malcolmspubdocs/J7 Fuzzy distortion.pdf
Page 749 ( don't panic this is an exacted section of a larger text ) seems to be the discussion I remember .
Bob Carver . Wikipedia .
In 1985, Stereophile magazine challenged Bob to copy a Conrad-Johnson Premier Five (the make and model was not named then, but revealed later) amplifier at their offices in New Mexico within 48 hours. The Conrad Johnson amplifier was one of the most highly regarded amplifiers of its day, costing in excess of $12,000.
http://www.essex.ac.uk/csee/research/audio_lab/malcolmspubdocs/J7 Fuzzy distortion.pdf
Page 749 ( don't panic this is an exacted section of a larger text ) seems to be the discussion I remember .
Bob Carver . Wikipedia .
In 1985, Stereophile magazine challenged Bob to copy a Conrad-Johnson Premier Five (the make and model was not named then, but revealed later) amplifier at their offices in New Mexico within 48 hours. The Conrad Johnson amplifier was one of the most highly regarded amplifiers of its day, costing in excess of $12,000.
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chip amps are different, I've pointed to the TPA6120 IMD plots with kHz bump as likely consequence of thermal effects, looked at your AD815 plots
but for "conventional" thru hole discrete audio power amps which I believe is the main subject the thermals have much longer time constants
maintaining Self's "optimum Class B" bias point could be a source of problems - he certainly has gone to some effort to stabilize the bias with output Q thermal transisents - even so he doesn't show distortion from "transient un-biasing" - and claims to have looked for it
but most here I think would go for the heavy AB bias of ~100 mA per output device - mostly avoiding the issue
I think we've had the discussion on Hawkford's fuzzy thinking in that article before - I rank it with the Cheever thesis as internet garbage to circular file
but for "conventional" thru hole discrete audio power amps which I believe is the main subject the thermals have much longer time constants
maintaining Self's "optimum Class B" bias point could be a source of problems - he certainly has gone to some effort to stabilize the bias with output Q thermal transisents - even so he doesn't show distortion from "transient un-biasing" - and claims to have looked for it
but most here I think would go for the heavy AB bias of ~100 mA per output device - mostly avoiding the issue
I think we've had the discussion on Hawkford's fuzzy thinking in that article before - I rank it with the Cheever thesis as internet garbage to circular file
No, it is like the dither. Meant to mask the crossover magnetic distortion.
The bias mostly disipates as heat in the magnetic support at recording process (twisting the magnetic dipoles on spot). Some of it remains in the top layer, but just a little, exactly like dither.
Unlike Cheever, Hawksford did some excellent work as well. He's an enigma: I always find it difficult to understand how the same person can produce fine analyses and then turn around and crank out junk without blinking. But "fuzzy distortion" has a nice memetic slogan feel to it, so it's useful for browbeating purposes.😀
Younge converts
I know I will get into trouble for this . However , Hi Fi almost seems a Jesuit order these days . Do we alienate the young ? They buy Marshall amplifiers you know . Forgive any errors it's well past my bedtime .
Is hi-fi sound a thing of the past? For young listeners, it may be - The Globe and Mail
I know I will get into trouble for this . However , Hi Fi almost seems a Jesuit order these days . Do we alienate the young ? They buy Marshall amplifiers you know . Forgive any errors it's well past my bedtime .
Is hi-fi sound a thing of the past? For young listeners, it may be - The Globe and Mail
The Jesuits are taking some flak these days, definately alienating the young. Wall of Marshalls at 11 what's wrong with that?
Off to bed now .
I side this recently .
Smiley it is said Audio designers are aging with the customers . At the pub I was being universally blamed for the joke that Audio has become . I was horrified and said that it is customer led . The problem is it is putting off new people . I went to a Rock gig the other day and nearly cried . It was a time warp and everything was alright in the world ( girlfriends son's band ) . Marshall guitar amps and every expensive flavour of guitar . The kids still love music . So why don't they love hi fi ? We put them off . That's why I want to be doing this . They were on Radio Marlow ( we all have to start somewhere ) and were said to be a mix of the Arctic Monkey's and the Beatles , not bad I would say . .
Fuzzy thinking ? Guilty m'lord .
I side this recently .
Smiley it is said Audio designers are aging with the customers . At the pub I was being universally blamed for the joke that Audio has become . I was horrified and said that it is customer led . The problem is it is putting off new people . I went to a Rock gig the other day and nearly cried . It was a time warp and everything was alright in the world ( girlfriends son's band ) . Marshall guitar amps and every expensive flavour of guitar . The kids still love music . So why don't they love hi fi ? We put them off . That's why I want to be doing this . They were on Radio Marlow ( we all have to start somewhere ) and were said to be a mix of the Arctic Monkey's and the Beatles , not bad I would say . .
Fuzzy thinking ? Guilty m'lord .
As I may have mentioned I didn't pay much attention to audio in my early days, but did have some complex instrumentation projects for astronomy, and dug out a lot of things that had no direct references in that field. One of the tasks was to generate very fast and precise pulses, as well as measuring the settling time of fast amplifiers, and I studied how to do this before finding out that the scope amp people were on related techniques, and then some, although many of the details were proprietary. I was hampered by having a pretty limited suite of test equipment so in many cases built my own. Schedules were vague and I had indulgent chairpersons, which, despite exasperating some and making a few enemies, saved me from being put out to pasture, barely 🙄
One of the trade magazines ran a story by Tektronix folk (iirc) about thermal distortions, and already in those days they mentioned that, despite thermal things being thought of as quite slow, they could see waveform distortion effects at frequencies as high as about a megahertz. Of course for vertical amplifiers, before sampling techniques came to dominate, there is the desire not to slow down the system with global feedback.
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