Variations of DC Main Filter against buzzing Toroid Transformers - what is the right?

[tiefbassuebertr]

After looking the different topologies again (attachement post # 1), I discover for me the Var. VII
from LC Technology about
L C Audio Technology / DC Filter
as my currently favourite.

At first look I had overlooked that the Zener diode is actually a bidirectional diode - at reverse mode like a normal diode (0V7 voltage loss).

Because the DC component from mains always have one direction, I can try to put in the main plug in reverse polarity if buzzing effects don't go away (unfortunately this isn't perform in all countries - independend of the kind of the mains plug).

In one of this two directions I get a DC filtering with max 4V3 and in the other one of 0V7.

Thus the solution from LC Technology is a good solution at least here in Germany because the mains connector polarity isn't defined.

[tiefbassuebertr]

LC technology calls their diode "tranzorber" (see schematic by the URL in the previous post). I have never heard this term and I think, LC technology means this term:
"TRANSIENT VOLTAGE SUPPRESSOR" = TVS (suppressor diode)
http://www.diotec.com/service/files/tvs-dioden.pdf

But I don't find such diodes below 5V6

[Ed LaFontaine]

In the Bryston amp schematic there is a a device (Q10) adjacent to the Power Inlet labeled "MAC 2213A10FP".

What is it? Where can I find more about it?

[sumaudioguy]

If there is DC coming from your mains the first thing is contact the power company and complain. No DC can be on the grid because of an effect what used to be called "flux walking" which will stop the grid.

If you want to stop your local DC from UPS or other source, series in "motor run" type capacitors with the AC line. The motor run caps are specifically designed for 50/60Hz AC series operation and will handle high currents.

Find capacitor examples here:
Shine Capacitors | Products

[djk]

Get real, your neighbor running his/her hairdryer will make the toroid in your house buzz.

Try complaining to the utility company about that and see what it gets you.

The Crown/Bryston design fixes work, and their designs have met with UL approval.

"In the Bryston amp schematic there is a a device (Q10) adjacent to the Power Inlet labeled "MAC 2213A10FP"."

It's a triac, used as a solid-state relay (power switch).

[tiefbassuebertr]

Originally Posted by Ed LaFontaine

In the Bryston amp schematic there is a a device (Q10) adjacent to the Power Inlet labeled "MAC 2213A10FP".
What is it? Where can I find more about it?

I also see this. But I haven't heard about Triacs (Triode for Alternating Current) suited for switching large torodial transformers cause its large inrush current.
Therefore I think, the type "MAC 2213A10FP" ("MAC2213A10FP") must be a new generation especially made for switch on/off of such transformers.

But where datasheets and application notes about this kind of Triacs ??
I don't find this. Only the follow weblinks about Onsemi's MAC series I have found:
MAC223-6 Datasheet pdf - TRIAC 25 AMPERE Effektivwert 200 bis 800 VOLT - Motorola
Triacs

[sumaudioguy]

Originally Posted by djk

Get real, your neighbor running his/her hairdryer will make the toroid in your house buzz.

Try complaining to the utility company about that and see what it gets you.

What was written was concerning DC on the mains and not about the buzz from the neighbors hair dryer. Please take the time to read before knee jerk comments.

I have in my life found one strange incidence of DC from the local main AC and yes the power company was very interested once they knew I was not an idiot. Turned out to be a bigger welder with a bad diode in another building dragging one half of the wave down resulting in offset whenever the spot weld was occurring. The welder was being used on a lower power setting so the users did not know of the problem. Actually the welder "charged up" a cap bank for the weld so the problem was invisible to the user as the actual weld was fine.

[djk]

My point exactly, but unlike your situation with the welder (most likely in a location zoned industrial), the utility company is not going to want to hear about your neighbor's hair dryer.

[Bob Cordell]

Originally Posted by djk

Only one bridge needed for amps less than 500W

I like the Bryston circuit, and am particularly interested in the left side, where the safety ground from the line cord is connected to the main circuit ground through a resistor shunted by the bridge arrangement. I have done the same thing before in an amplifier for my own use, but was never sure if this approach would pass muster for a commercial product. If I understand the operation correctly, the resistance breaks ground loops that may occur among the safety grounds of interconnected equipment. The diode still provides safety ground protection by never allowing the circuit ground to differ from the safety ground (in a fault condition, for example) by more than 1.4V. This is why a large bridge device is presumably used. I am a little surprized that they used a resistor as large as 100 ohms. I used less than 10 ohms in my arrangement, which I think would be plenty to effectively break the ground while still maintaining a reasonably low impedance back to the safety ground.

Am I correct in assuming that Bryston still bolts the safety ground to the chassis, and that that is the only place where the chassis is connected? Am I correct in assuming that a non-direct connection of safety ground to chassis (as through the diode arrangement) would never be allowed?

Cheers,
Bob

[richie00boy]

For Class I equipment any conductive touchable parts must be either able to withstand a high voltage insulation test and pass less than 20uA (I think, off the top of my head), or pass a conductivity test and show less than 5mR and conduct 20A for at least 1 minute.

It would be expected to wire the earth from the input socket directly to the case with >20A rated wire. Then any loop breaker stuff goes between that point and the electronics.

Because of these constraints, Class I equipment is not really the ideal way to make audio equipment featuring unbalanced - or at least RCA phono - sockets. Class II is what should be used. This also has the side benefit of banishing ground loops.