Sadly I don't manage to follow you, John. Are those Bybees superconductors?
Best regards!
Thanks, Harry, for this enlightenment 😀!
As said before, just plain 0.025 R resistors. Of course one's speakers will sound different at a decreased damping factor.
Best regards!
As said before, just plain 0.025 R resistors. Of course one's speakers will sound different at a decreased damping factor.
Best regards!
Note: The resistor pictured is a 25W, 0.025ohm resistor made especially for the military. It would not be a very good measurement resistor, as the tempco would probably be relatively lousy, as it is made of a single metal internally, and not a temp compensated alloy. The actual Bybee device is the 'covering that was partially destroyed by opening it the way they did. They start as a partially conductive coated hollow tube with two end caps, like a fuse. Bybee does the rest. The resistor itself is NOT the purifier.
0R025 difference in damping factor will have zero acoustical effect unless we are speaking of some very low Z direct drive ribbon panel. And these type of speakers are not fussy about electrical damping...
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Tunnel (Esaki) diodes were derived theoretically before they were made physically, they weren't just something discovered and wondered-about. They are also active (not passive) devices.
BTW, a very similar negative INCREMENTAL resistance can be made in an overall 2-terminal circuit using two JFETS (called the "Lambda diode").
BTW, a very similar negative INCREMENTAL resistance can be made in an overall 2-terminal circuit using two JFETS (called the "Lambda diode").
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Thanks bwaslo for the input. Sometimes things are predicted, sometimes things are discovered first, then 'explained'. And sometimes we still don't know exactly why things behave the way they do.
For the record, there is no coil wound on a form. I have opened them myself, looked and even measured. It is more a coating on a form.
For the record, there is no coil wound on a form. I have opened them myself, looked and even measured. It is more a coating on a form.
As I understand it, the 'rare earth metal oxide powder' is applied as a slurry onto the ceramic tube and then fired in a kiln for 36 hours (or something like that) forming a conductive film measuring 25 ohms or so IIRC.
The resisor is then inserted and end caps fitted forming a parallel network.
Dan.
The resisor is then inserted and end caps fitted forming a parallel network.
Dan.
This is hilarious taking this nonsense seriously, it's like Capt. Janeway ordering another chronotron sweep.
Max, I took one apart about 20 years ago and got about 15 ohm across the purifier without the resistor. The Germans unfortunately took a unit apart by destroying the purifier and they didn't measure across it.
For those who still have open minds, sophisticated enough technology CAN seem like 'magic' or something from the future. Bybees appear to be of this sort of sophistication.
For those who still have open minds, sophisticated enough technology CAN seem like 'magic' or something from the future. Bybees appear to be of this sort of sophistication.
So as it has been explained so far.
The outer shell is resistor made from Metal Oxide Powder and clay.
That is then put in parallel with a .025 ohm resistor netting a .0249 ohm resistor.
The outer shell is resistor made from Metal Oxide Powder and clay.
That is then put in parallel with a .025 ohm resistor netting a .0249 ohm resistor.
So far, so good. The oxides are rare earth materials, not iron, copper or anything like that. Also you have to add the series lead resistance, so it goes back up to 0.025 ohms or so.
Since the 25 ohm special oxide resistor is being bypassed by the conventional resistor.
Only 1/1000 the of the current that flows through the conventional
resistor will flow through the Metal Oxide resistor (AKA .1%).
To put that in rough perspective:
If I put this in line with my speakers and I'm running 100 watts into my
speakers then only .1 watt will flow through the special portion of that device.
I would tend to think the more typical listening would be about 10 watts
(with decent speakers) that would be only .01 watt of power that would
be affected by that device.
A bit late to the party, but ready to rumble!!
I agree. First of all, measuring the characteristics of large lumped cement devices like the Bybee (which is huge compared to, say the wavelength 3 GHz) will produce all manner of variations relative to a straight wire, and relative to a properly terminated coaxial cable. If your speakers and ears can hear effects in the 3GHz range, then perhaps the coloration added by the Bybees does make a difference. I note that it could probably also be achieved by adding a section of iron coat hanger in line with the speaker wire as well.
But, what I'd really like to take issue with is the pseudo quantum mechanical hooey in the Bybee marketing pieces and the support for that in this thread.
"not well understood..."
First of all, many people understand quantum physics. They actually teach university level classes it! claiming a topic is not well understood, so you should believe what anyone says about it is like saying we should believe black is white because we don't understand all of the intricacies of the universe. We may not know everything there is to be known, but we know enough to tell the difference between reality and fantasy...
Let's dissect the marketing piece:
"As electrons interact with the conductive materials of cables and circuits, very low-level (quantum) noises are generated."
BS. The noise that is generated by interaction with the "conductive materials of cables and circuits" is generated by the flow of electrons across the inherent resistance of these elements. These currents produce voltages. Now, in a perfect world, the ONLY signal propagating on the cable would be the audio signal. Unfortunately for us, our universe was created in a big bang, and that means there is a lot of background radiation. You can see this on your TV by switching to an unused channel. The "snow" in the picure-less image is caused by stray currents generated in the antenna by the cosmic background radiation (Cosmic microwave background - Wikipedia). This radiation is at -174 dBm, which sets the inviolable noise floor in any electronic system. ANY resistance in the system will provide the opportunity for this radiation to generate currents that will produce noise. There is nothing really very quantum about it. True "quantum" noise would be like brownian motion..that is, electrons moving without any associated electrical potential, and if there is no electrical potential, then there is no resistance, so this quantum effect would not produce any observable noise voltage (try Ohm's law with E=0...If i is finite, then R must be zero too). Said differently, since quantum fluctuations are random, all of the positive and negative current cause by quantum motion of the electrons would cancel out, except at quantum time intervals, which are so short as to be meaningless (What is Planck length? What is Planck time?)
"Current flow within the Quantum Purifier is unimpeded and ideal"
Huh? The Bybee is listed as a 0.25 Ohm device.. that means it has at least a real impedance of 0.25 ohms. Those German tests show that at higher frequencies the small inductance (presumably of the leads and the body of the device) also results in a positive imaginary component. So the device has impedance..the claim that the electrons somehow magically traverse the device "unimpeded" is patently false.
"During transit through the Quantum Purifier, quantum noise energy is stripped off the electrons, streamlining their flow through ensuing conductors. Unwanted quantum noise energy dissipates as heat within the Quantum Purifier rather than emerging as a layer of contamination residue over the audio/video information."
Wow!! This gets better and better! A comprehensive misunderstanding of noise. There is nothing in the Bybee other than other atoms. The ad makes it sound as of the device lovingly strokes the electrons smoothing their hair, mussed up by all that quantum noise.. and letting them fly off in perfect unison - little pure audio angels.. No other atoms can do this, and electrons have no hair to get mussed up.. Moreover, this makes it sound like the electrons got covered in quantum dirt that can somehow be stripped off..There may be quantum effects within an atom that cause an electron to jump from one orbital to another, but a free electron, flowing in a metal conductor behaves nothing like this. Heat is caused by the flow of electrons through a resistor. I am sure, as noted above, that the resistance of the Bybee does induce some dissipation as currents flow, but that heat dissipation will also apply to the flow caused by the audio content. Remember, this is not DC..it is AC. The electrons are not actually "flowing", they are oscillating back and forth. Picture a leaf on a pond. When you make a splash, and see the wave propagate out across the pond, the leaf bobs up and down, but is doesn't move in the direction of the wave...So, any dissipation in the noise will also dissipate the signal, for ZERO net change in the signal to noise ratio.
"As electrons speed through the purifier, a “slipstream” effect is formed which facilitates current flow in the surrounding conductors of the playback system. Introducing Bybee Quantum Purification into the electron path reduces quantum noise and increases signal velocity..."
OMG!!! Stop the presses!! Bybee has transcended the limitations the speed of light!!! Most of us actual engineers have operated under the principles of relativity, which says that electromagnetic waves propagate at the speed of light for the dielectric in which the wave is propagating. Given that the Bybee device is not really changing the properties of space around itself, it can't actually "speed up" the propagation of the signal (A test for this would-be to measure the device in a vacuum, vs under water..if it really does speed up the propagation of the signal, then we would see that in the underwater test, since water has a high dielectric constant, and light propagates more slowly through it). Oh, but I made a mistake! Bybee says that it "facilitates current flow" (i.e. the flow of electrons), but for audio signals, which are AC, there is no net flow of electrons...so, even if this were true, which it is not, it would make no difference.
The last bit is truly off the charts bogus.. After setting the quantum mechanical stage with a bunch of elementary physics talk, Bybee leaps off into the abyss:
Bybee states that the device is "energized by a surrounding energy field. Once energized, our product resonates at the same frequency as the C13 atom. Consequently, this creates a magnetic field of force effect. In this magnetic field, the polarity of all electrons and protons are altered, affecting their oscillation by making them more aligned with each other."
Honestly, you have to know nothing whatsoever about physics to write drivel like this...
First off C12 differs from C13 because it has one extra neutron. By the elementary physics lesson provided, neutrons have no electrical effect, so, even if the device had some C13 aspect, it would have no effect on its electrical characteristics. Notwithstanding that Bybeee offers no explanation why C13 would somehow produce better quality audio signals...
More importantly, the device is advertised as "passive", which means it has no externally applied energy source. If this is the case, then where, oh where does this "surrounding energy field" come from?! Hmm. Perhaps Bybee has tapped into the strange world of zero point energy! (Zero-point energy - Wikipedia). But alas, it is just a resistor, and we have no evidence that resistors are a factor in ZPE. The electrons will physically move back and forth the conductor in accordance with the audio signal, and this has no relation to the resonant frequency off the C13 atom. Moreover, the resonant frequency of C13 is in the hundreds of megahertz range and requires a huge cryogenic device with giant magnets to induce (Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Wikipedia), so it is unlikely the Bybee is doing anything with the resonant frequencies of any atoms or electrons. The notion that the electrons, which are more or less stationary in the conductors, are somehow anointed with special "slipstream" characteristics which they take with them down the wire (down which they are not moving), is precious, but alas also bogus. This flawed idea seems to come from some notion that the electrons can get cleansed and anointed with special slipstream oil that will then fluidly cause all the other wires to all be so lubricated.. It is audio KY Jelly, except there is no way to oil up the downstream cables because electrons are not so promiscuous...
I do have to admit one thing about Bybee. His ad copywriter should apply to be Sarah Huckabee Sander's assistant.. Spinning lies so effortlessly, and making them sound good is a true art. A dark one to be sure, but an art nonetheless!
Microwave cavity resonators, or any resonator, really, is a very well understood phenomenon. There is no magical energization going on in a resonator..it is merely the storage of energy as a result of in-phase superposition.
As some other posts have noted. The behavior of these devices is supported by physics.
You are suggesting that a device that has no measurable characteristics that would impact audio signals, but is promoted by users as having some mystical positive impact is just "not understood". That is somewhat different than an OBSERVED AND MEASURABLE effect, that is then later supported by theory.
I know you don't want to hear this, but I strongly suspect that, given the dearth of empirical testing evidence to suggest any of the supposed benefits of the Bybee device, any listening evidence is corrupted by ownership bias. Having spent a bundle on these devices, you "hear" a difference.
If you really want to make a case for this voodoo, then arrange a double blind listening test. Maintain all other elements equal, and play the same source at the same volume in the same room the same temperature and pressure, and see if the listener (not someone who even knows about Bybees, or at least has no idea what is being tested for - i.e.. double blind), can perceive any difference.
I suspect you will find zero correlation between the use of Bybees and any perceptible difference in sound quality.
To put this in perspective, even if the current flowing through the "purifier" were somehow purified, the result would be an "improvement" in signal currents 30 dB below the listening level. Given that the "improvements" are suggested to be relative to the noise floor (all that KY jelly for the sensuous electrons),and in any good system the noise floor is at about -100 dB relative to the signal, the "improvement would be at about -130 dB...which is generally well below the background noise of any source material..
Still more evidence that these "improvements", even if they are real, which they are not, would provide no audible benefit.
The original resistor was about 0.3 ohms about 20 years ago, it was dropped to 0.025 ohms in recent years. Here is a little more info that might be useful. One picture shows a NAKED Bybee with the resistor still inside. The other is a paper on quantum noise. Not the most complete, but a taste of physics beyond what most engineers study.
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Fresh water and boots shined, the cavalry is here!
Shhh! Please - Reddy still has a little bit left up there, and he's kinda sensitive about it.
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