Innovation in the world of semiconductors, computing, fabrication, machinery...

[Eva]

One thing that ever puzzled me is why are all semiconductor brands producing the same chip. Say a NE5532 original from Signetics, everybody produces them.
Schouldn't it be a manufacturer secret ?

All the creators of NE5532 are already into paid retirement, I suppose. At that point the cost of NE5532 matches production cost quite close.
Circuits and implementations are defined by formulas which can be electronically recorded and transmitted. The formulas can be replicated everywhere (not counting errors due to bias).

However, evolution is only possible if the formulas behind the formulas are understood. But that understanding comes at a cost, a formula can't be understood if the power structure one belongs to is relying in some deception against that formula. There is a bonus if the cost is paid: it makes the researchers understanding the formulas psychologically compatible.

Having 2+ sources for mature parts is important, not only due to improved availability, but due to improved competitiveness in production.