2SC2240 Equivalent

We're talking individual atomic sized defects, typically on the surface (which is why buried structures are used for low-noise devices). Individual charges can get stuck on these defects, then get knocked out again, then get stuck again - leading to discrete changes in the local electric field - popcorn noise and flicker noise are mainly due to this sort of thing.

The kind of bad transistor you describe has actually deteriorated somehow.
 
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Does that explain the reported popcorn noise for the lm4562 opamp? Does Doug Self ever mention this in any of his writings?

I think all semiconductors more or less suffer from this problem.
In a particular application, I needed to replace about 10% of the AD797 because of popcorn noise taking the device (measuring instrument) in which it was used out of spec.
I think I have a similar problem with my amp right now, the right channel suffers from some very light crackling noise.