This thread was started to break off the Semi-Inductance (AKA Lossy Inductance) calculator from the behemoth Hornresp thread.
=================================================
Purpose of the spreadsheet:
Import free-air impedance data files and determine the parameter values for the advanced semi-inductance model to accurately define the blocked impedance of the driver. Once the blocked impedance model has been properly defined the driver mechanical and electrical Qs are then calculated, taking into account this blocked impedance. If Vas is not already known, a second impedance file can be loaded in to calculate it. The second impedance file should have the driver either loaded in an undamped closed box, or with mass added to the driver cone. Once Vas has been entered or calculated, the remainder of the TSP(Thiele/Small Parameters) can be determined. However, it is not required to know Vas if all that is desired is to determine the parameter values for the advanced semi-inductance model.
Software Requirements:
The spreadsheet was developed for use with Microsoft Excel 2007 or newer.
The following Add-Ins must be installed and active:
- Analysis TookPak
- Solver Add-in
Supported impedance data file formats:
- Tab delimited
- Comma delimited
- Space delimited
- ARTA's binary impedance data file format used by the LIMP module, *.lim
Modeling software that supports the Semi-Inductance model:
- Hornresp
- VituixCad
- SoundEasy
Calculated Semi-Inductance parameter data for some woofers:
Thread for Drivers with Semi Inductance
Data-Bass-v2-Drivers (see individual driver pages)
Data-Bass-Forum (Semi-Le_Calc discussion and download)
=================================================
Version 1 of the spreadsheet calculator was posted here: Hornresp Post#8506
Version 2 is attached below.
- Added capability to import 2nd impedance file to calculate Vas
- Supplemental parameters now calculated (BL, SPL, Mms, Cms, Rms)
- Added blocked and motional impedance plots
- Added driver parameter export file
- Updated name of the FDD model in the Hornresp driver data export
- Corrected bug in Hornresp driver data export for Xmax
- Added Links TAB
- Added Notes TAB which includes list of references
- Expanded content of the Directions TAB
Version 3 posted here: Semi-Le_Calc Post#30
- Added capability to calculate and export FDD model parameters if using added-mass method
- If measured data does not extend at least 2 octaves below Fs, pop-up window provides recommendation for achieving good convergence with the model
- Directions added for installing required Add-ins along with checking and auto-activation features for English installations of Excel
- Fix for VAS Calc issues with some versions of Excel
- ASCII file import improved to handle leading spaces
- Le(1kHz) calc now uses model data, if measured data does not contain phase
*******************************************
Brian Steele has added a page on his website concerning use of the semi-inductance impedance model.
The latest version of the spreadsheet calculator is also hosted on his website.
The Subwoofer DIY Page
Claus Futtrup, co-author of the Semi-Inductance AES papers, has a personal webpage with additional background information and timeline on the development of the Semi-Inductance and FDD models.
Scientific papers
Related links:
Inductance Cancellation Techniques
Hornresp Post#8228
Hornresp Post#8252
=================================================
Purpose of the spreadsheet:
Import free-air impedance data files and determine the parameter values for the advanced semi-inductance model to accurately define the blocked impedance of the driver. Once the blocked impedance model has been properly defined the driver mechanical and electrical Qs are then calculated, taking into account this blocked impedance. If Vas is not already known, a second impedance file can be loaded in to calculate it. The second impedance file should have the driver either loaded in an undamped closed box, or with mass added to the driver cone. Once Vas has been entered or calculated, the remainder of the TSP(Thiele/Small Parameters) can be determined. However, it is not required to know Vas if all that is desired is to determine the parameter values for the advanced semi-inductance model.
Software Requirements:
The spreadsheet was developed for use with Microsoft Excel 2007 or newer.
The following Add-Ins must be installed and active:
- Analysis TookPak
- Solver Add-in
Supported impedance data file formats:
- Tab delimited
- Comma delimited
- Space delimited
- ARTA's binary impedance data file format used by the LIMP module, *.lim
Modeling software that supports the Semi-Inductance model:
- Hornresp
- VituixCad
- SoundEasy
Calculated Semi-Inductance parameter data for some woofers:
Thread for Drivers with Semi Inductance
Data-Bass-v2-Drivers (see individual driver pages)
Data-Bass-Forum (Semi-Le_Calc discussion and download)
=================================================
Version 1 of the spreadsheet calculator was posted here: Hornresp Post#8506
Version 2 is attached below.
- Added capability to import 2nd impedance file to calculate Vas
- Supplemental parameters now calculated (BL, SPL, Mms, Cms, Rms)
- Added blocked and motional impedance plots
- Added driver parameter export file
- Updated name of the FDD model in the Hornresp driver data export
- Corrected bug in Hornresp driver data export for Xmax
- Added Links TAB
- Added Notes TAB which includes list of references
- Expanded content of the Directions TAB
Version 3 posted here: Semi-Le_Calc Post#30
- Added capability to calculate and export FDD model parameters if using added-mass method
- If measured data does not extend at least 2 octaves below Fs, pop-up window provides recommendation for achieving good convergence with the model
- Directions added for installing required Add-ins along with checking and auto-activation features for English installations of Excel
- Fix for VAS Calc issues with some versions of Excel
- ASCII file import improved to handle leading spaces
- Le(1kHz) calc now uses model data, if measured data does not contain phase
*******************************************
Brian Steele has added a page on his website concerning use of the semi-inductance impedance model.
The latest version of the spreadsheet calculator is also hosted on his website.
The Subwoofer DIY Page
Claus Futtrup, co-author of the Semi-Inductance AES papers, has a personal webpage with additional background information and timeline on the development of the Semi-Inductance and FDD models.
Scientific papers
Related links:
Inductance Cancellation Techniques
Hornresp Post#8228
Hornresp Post#8252
Attachments
Last edited:
Excellent work my man. 😎
This spreadsheet has turned into something quite useful. I've used it quite a bit. One trick I've been messing with this spreadsheet is, using the derived parameters from an added mass method, loading in an impedance measurement of the driver in a sealed box and using the driver specs from the added mass measurements to derive the volume of the airspace in the sealed cab. This actually seems to be a bit more precise than a rough calculation of the effects of driver displacement, bracing, stuffing, wiring, etc. Of course this takes repeatable good impedance measurements first...I know this is not at all what this was made to do. 😀
For those who may not be sure what this is or why you may want to use it...All that is needed is a text file of the impedance measurement from a driver and this spreadsheet will provide you with the calculated complex inductance specs for entry into HR / or other simulation program with the capability to model using these parameters. You can also import a secondary impedance measurement using the added mass or closed air volume methods and it will calculate the full set of driver parameters.
If you are designing and simulating bass and midbass systems and you care about accuracy you should be interested in this. Especially if you are working with higher order systems like horns, TL's and bandpasses. These are much more sensitive to changes in driver performance than a sealed or IB system. Mid and high frequency devices are also affected by complex inductance but not as dramatically as woofers and subwoofers in most cases.
This spreadsheet has turned into something quite useful. I've used it quite a bit. One trick I've been messing with this spreadsheet is, using the derived parameters from an added mass method, loading in an impedance measurement of the driver in a sealed box and using the driver specs from the added mass measurements to derive the volume of the airspace in the sealed cab. This actually seems to be a bit more precise than a rough calculation of the effects of driver displacement, bracing, stuffing, wiring, etc. Of course this takes repeatable good impedance measurements first...I know this is not at all what this was made to do. 😀
For those who may not be sure what this is or why you may want to use it...All that is needed is a text file of the impedance measurement from a driver and this spreadsheet will provide you with the calculated complex inductance specs for entry into HR / or other simulation program with the capability to model using these parameters. You can also import a secondary impedance measurement using the added mass or closed air volume methods and it will calculate the full set of driver parameters.
If you are designing and simulating bass and midbass systems and you care about accuracy you should be interested in this. Especially if you are working with higher order systems like horns, TL's and bandpasses. These are much more sensitive to changes in driver performance than a sealed or IB system. Mid and high frequency devices are also affected by complex inductance but not as dramatically as woofers and subwoofers in most cases.
Last edited:
Interesting! Glad to hear you are finding the spreadsheet useful. I have done something similar where I used a pair of added-mass and close-box measurements to back out what the effective piston area was. In most cases the result was pretty darn close to the 1/3rd of surround diameter...a good rule of thumb.
Sometimes you have to get crafty with the tools you have. 🙂
BTW I will be posting the complex inductance specs for all of the drivers I have tested for DB. They will be on the version 2 site which I'm slowly migrating the data over to. I'm not going to bother posting them on the old one since I hope to be obsoleting it in the next 6 months.
Nice! 😀
I almost never saved the data, but I do have one record with everything and I can't get it to work after stripping it down to just the needed data. Is it possible to get to the import working for the woofer tester data format?
I almost never saved the data, but I do have one record with everything and I can't get it to work after stripping it down to just the needed data. Is it possible to get to the import working for the woofer tester data format?
Code:
;==================================================================
; Woofer Tester Log File: 295-036_1ascii.log
;------------------------------------------------------------------
;
;==================================================================
;==================================================================
Calibration completed: Mon Dec 13 23:21:08 2010
Drive level 100.00% [3181.82 uA]
;------------------------------------------------------------------
Calibration R = 10.000 ohms
KResist = 1.004235 ohms/ohm (Rset= 220.932 ohms)
KPhaseLo = -0.300340 microrads/Hz
LoZP port R = 0.090 ohms
LoZP port L = 0.683 uH
Load Side Cable and Amp Impedance
---------------------------------
Resistance = 0.001 ohms
Inductance = 0.014 uH
Skin Resistance = -0.001 ohms @20kHz
Z inductive = 0.002 johms @ 20 kHz
Z total = 0.002 ohms @ 20 kHz
;==================================================================
;==================================================================
Q,Fs completed: Tue Dec 14 21:50:46 2010
Drive level 100.00% [3181.82 uA]
;------------------------------------------------------------------
Re 5.558 ohms
Fs 26.702 Hz
Zmax 240.921 ohms
Ro 36.573 ohms
F0 21.073 Hz
F1 34.868 Hz
Fmin 139.014 Hz
Qes 0.3010
Qms 12.7440
Qts 0.2940
Le 2.738 mH @1k
XLe 23.413 ohms @1k
PLe 47.290 Degrees @1kHz
;------------------------------------------------;
; Approximate Impedance Fitting Constants ;
; (Improved with Completion of Vas Test) ;
;------------------------------------------------;
Krm 685.427E-06 ohms Freq dependent resistance
Erm 1.098E+00 Rem=Krm*(2*pi*f)^Erm
Kxm 36.388E-03 Henries Freq dependent reactance
Exm 707.171E-03 Xem=Kxm*(2*pi*f)^Exm, Lem=Kxm*(2*pi*f)^(Exm-1)
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Freq Impedance Phase Real Imag Series
; Hz Z=mag(R,I) Degrees Z*cos(P) Z*sin(P) L or C
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.0| 5.558 ohm| 0.000 deg| 5.558 ohm| 0.000 ohm| 0.000 |H
1.0| 5.639 ohm| 7.813 deg| 5.586 ohm| 766.489 mohm| 121.990 m|H
2.0| 5.814 ohm| 15.088 deg| 5.614 ohm| 1.514 ohm| 120.441 m|H
10.0| 10.233 ohm| 53.858 deg| 6.035 ohm| 8.264 ohm| 131.523 m|H
10.0| 10.234 ohm| 53.767 deg| 6.049 ohm| 8.255 ohm| 131.380 m|H
10.1| 10.339 ohm| 54.163 deg| 6.053 ohm| 8.381 ohm| 131.866 m|H
10.2| 10.446 ohm| 54.547 deg| 6.059 ohm| 8.509 ohm| 132.342 m|H
10.4| 10.556 ohm| 54.889 deg| 6.072 ohm| 8.636 ohm| 132.774 m|H
10.5| 10.665 ohm| 55.182 deg| 6.090 ohm| 8.756 ohm| 133.085 m|H
10.6| 10.791 ohm| 55.572 deg| 6.101 ohm| 8.901 ohm| 133.737 m|H
10.7| 10.905 ohm| 55.937 deg| 6.108 ohm| 9.034 ohm| 134.182 m|H
10.8| 11.024 ohm| 56.293 deg| 6.118 ohm| 9.171 ohm| 134.658 m|H
11.0| 11.152 ohm| 56.640 deg| 6.132 ohm| 9.314 ohm| 135.198 m|H
11.1| 11.275 ohm| 57.000 deg| 6.141 ohm| 9.456 ohm| 135.687 m|H
11.2| 11.421 ohm| 57.365 deg| 6.159 ohm| 9.617 ohm| 136.421 m|H
11.4| 11.553 ohm| 57.702 deg| 6.173 ohm| 9.766 ohm| 136.937 m|H
11.5| 11.695 ohm| 58.024 deg| 6.193 ohm| 9.921 ohm| 137.516 m|H
11.6| 11.822 ohm| 58.397 deg| 6.195 ohm| 10.069 ohm| 137.972 m|H
11.7| 11.976 ohm| 58.778 deg| 6.208 ohm| 10.242 ohm| 138.739 m|H
11.9| 12.132 ohm| 59.132 deg| 6.224 ohm| 10.413 ohm| 139.447 m|H
12.0| 12.280 ohm| 59.498 deg| 6.233 ohm| 10.580 ohm| 140.062 m|H
12.2| 12.446 ohm| 59.775 deg| 6.265 ohm| 10.754 ohm| 140.732 m|H
12.3| 12.608 ohm| 60.122 deg| 6.281 ohm| 10.932 ohm| 141.424 m|H
12.4| 12.777 ohm| 60.397 deg| 6.312 ohm| 11.110 ohm| 142.074 m|H
12.6| 12.972 ohm| 60.830 deg| 6.323 ohm| 11.327 ohm| 143.199 m|H
12.7| 13.143 ohm| 61.119 deg| 6.348 ohm| 11.508 ohm| 143.823 m|H
12.9| 13.312 ohm| 61.520 deg| 6.348 ohm| 11.701 ohm| 144.560 m|H
13.0| 13.536 ohm| 61.862 deg| 6.383 ohm| 11.936 ohm| 145.776 m|H
13.2| 13.715 ohm| 62.184 deg| 6.400 ohm| 12.130 ohm| 146.445 m|H
13.3| 13.924 ohm| 62.506 deg| 6.428 ohm| 12.352 ohm| 147.416 m|H
13.5| 14.133 ohm| 62.824 deg| 6.455 ohm| 12.573 ohm| 148.335 m|H
13.6| 14.359 ohm| 63.224 deg| 6.469 ohm| 12.819 ohm| 149.512 m|H
13.8| 14.566 ohm| 63.539 deg| 6.490 ohm| 13.040 ohm| 150.347 m|H
14.0| 14.816 ohm| 63.895 deg| 6.519 ohm| 13.304 ohm| 151.639 m|H
14.1| 15.069 ohm| 64.166 deg| 6.566 ohm| 13.563 ohm| 152.817 m|H
14.3| 15.289 ohm| 64.491 deg| 6.584 ohm| 13.798 ohm| 153.688 m|H
14.5| 15.552 ohm| 64.856 deg| 6.608 ohm| 14.078 ohm| 155.013 m|H
14.6| 15.822 ohm| 65.175 deg| 6.643 ohm| 14.360 ohm| 156.301 m|H
14.8| 16.129 ohm| 65.520 deg| 6.684 ohm| 14.679 ohm| 157.953 m|H
15.0| 16.403 ohm| 65.914 deg| 6.694 ohm| 14.975 ohm| 159.291 m|H
15.1| 16.706 ohm| 66.156 deg| 6.753 ohm| 15.280 ohm| 160.677 m|H
15.3| 17.031 ohm| 66.496 deg| 6.792 ohm| 15.618 ohm| 162.344 m|H
15.5| 17.374 ohm| 66.675 deg| 6.879 ohm| 15.954 ohm| 163.940 m|H
15.7| 17.723 ohm| 67.085 deg| 6.901 ohm| 16.324 ohm| 165.825 m|H
15.8| 18.077 ohm| 67.436 deg| 6.936 ohm| 16.693 ohm| 167.629 m|H
16.0| 18.437 ohm| 67.696 deg| 6.997 ohm| 17.057 ohm| 169.329 m|H
16.2| 18.833 ohm| 68.002 deg| 7.054 ohm| 17.462 ohm| 171.357 m|H
16.4| 19.261 ohm| 68.216 deg| 7.148 ohm| 17.886 ohm| 173.509 m|H
16.6| 19.672 ohm| 68.495 deg| 7.211 ohm| 18.302 ohm| 175.518 m|H
16.8| 20.115 ohm| 68.947 deg| 7.226 ohm| 18.773 ohm| 177.970 m|H
17.0| 20.534 ohm| 69.072 deg| 7.334 ohm| 19.179 ohm| 179.739 m|H
17.2| 21.040 ohm| 69.380 deg| 7.410 ohm| 19.692 ohm| 182.436 m|H
17.4| 21.619 ohm| 69.750 deg| 7.483 ohm| 20.283 ohm| 185.756 m|H
17.6| 22.132 ohm| 69.998 deg| 7.570 ohm| 20.797 ohm| 188.288 m|H
17.8| 22.741 ohm| 70.224 deg| 7.695 ohm| 21.400 ohm| 191.529 m|H
18.0| 23.264 ohm| 70.411 deg| 7.800 ohm| 21.917 ohm| 193.910 m|H
18.2| 24.099 ohm| 70.613 deg| 8.000 ohm| 22.732 ohm| 198.821 m|H
18.4| 24.781 ohm| 70.717 deg| 8.183 ohm| 23.390 ohm| 202.235 m|H
18.6| 25.418 ohm| 70.791 deg| 8.363 ohm| 24.003 ohm| 205.154 m|H
18.8| 26.122 ohm| 70.727 deg| 8.622 ohm| 24.658 ohm| 208.339 m|H
19.1| 26.893 ohm| 71.014 deg| 8.749 ohm| 25.430 ohm| 212.404 m|H
19.3| 27.432 ohm| 71.327 deg| 8.783 ohm| 25.988 ohm| 214.582 m|H
19.5| 28.617 ohm| 71.501 deg| 9.080 ohm| 27.139 ohm| 221.517 m|H
19.7| 29.569 ohm| 71.883 deg| 9.195 ohm| 28.103 ohm| 226.766 m|H
20.0| 30.440 ohm| 72.233 deg| 9.288 ohm| 28.988 ohm| 231.226 m|H
20.2| 31.589 ohm| 72.371 deg| 9.567 ohm| 30.106 ohm| 237.394 m|H
20.4| 32.811 ohm| 72.553 deg| 9.837 ohm| 31.302 ohm| 243.997 m|H
20.7| 34.038 ohm| 72.745 deg| 10.097 ohm| 32.506 ohm| 250.482 m|H
20.9| 35.431 ohm| 72.891 deg| 10.423 ohm| 33.863 ohm| 257.957 m|H
21.0| 36.007 ohm| 72.927 deg| 10.571 ohm| 34.420 ohm| 261.275 m|H
21.0| 36.433 ohm| 73.064 deg| 10.613 ohm| 34.853 ohm| 263.794 m|H
21.1| 36.603 ohm| 72.985 deg| 10.711 ohm| 35.001 ohm| 264.538 m|H
21.1| 36.681 ohm| 73.022 deg| 10.711 ohm| 35.082 ohm| 264.960 m|H
21.1| 36.856 ohm| 72.991 deg| 10.781 ohm| 35.244 ohm| 265.989 m|H
21.1| 36.805 ohm| 73.015 deg| 10.751 ohm| 35.199 ohm| 265.650 m|H
21.1| 37.066 ohm| 73.078 deg| 10.789 ohm| 35.461 ohm| 267.039 m|H
21.2| 37.813 ohm| 73.051 deg| 11.023 ohm| 36.170 ohm| 271.408 m|H
21.3| 38.558 ohm| 73.025 deg| 11.257 ohm| 36.878 ohm| 275.124 m|H
21.4| 38.792 ohm| 73.068 deg| 11.297 ohm| 37.111 ohm| 276.259 m|H
21.5| 39.397 ohm| 73.091 deg| 11.459 ohm| 37.694 ohm| 279.596 m|H
21.6| 40.378 ohm| 73.150 deg| 11.704 ohm| 38.645 ohm| 284.995 m|H
21.6| 40.716 ohm| 73.065 deg| 11.860 ohm| 38.950 ohm| 286.635 m|H
21.7| 41.385 ohm| 73.081 deg| 12.044 ohm| 39.594 ohm| 290.314 m|H
21.8| 42.492 ohm| 73.038 deg| 12.397 ohm| 40.643 ohm| 296.294 m|H
21.9| 42.735 ohm| 73.076 deg| 12.440 ohm| 40.884 ohm| 297.420 m|H
22.0| 43.544 ohm| 73.048 deg| 12.696 ohm| 41.652 ohm| 301.896 m|H
22.1| 44.763 ohm| 73.049 deg| 13.051 ohm| 42.818 ohm| 308.566 m|H
22.1| 45.083 ohm| 72.910 deg| 13.248 ohm| 43.093 ohm| 309.899 m|H
22.2| 46.038 ohm| 72.962 deg| 13.489 ohm| 44.017 ohm| 315.379 m|H
22.3| 47.328 ohm| 72.841 deg| 13.963 ohm| 45.222 ohm| 322.145 m|H
22.4| 47.687 ohm| 72.808 deg| 14.095 ohm| 45.557 ohm| 323.871 m|H
22.5| 48.778 ohm| 72.699 deg| 14.506 ohm| 46.571 ohm| 329.845 m|H
22.6| 50.241 ohm| 72.618 deg| 15.009 ohm| 47.947 ohm| 337.637 m|H
22.6| 50.678 ohm| 72.540 deg| 15.206 ohm| 48.343 ohm| 339.746 m|H
22.7| 51.866 ohm| 72.497 deg| 15.599 ohm| 49.464 ohm| 346.318 m|H
22.9| 53.518 ohm| 72.337 deg| 16.238 ohm| 50.995 ohm| 354.980 m|H
22.9| 54.024 ohm| 72.151 deg| 16.559 ohm| 51.424 ohm| 357.260 m|H
23.0| 55.344 ohm| 72.039 deg| 17.066 ohm| 52.647 ohm| 364.370 m|H
23.1| 57.312 ohm| 71.873 deg| 17.832 ohm| 54.468 ohm| 374.800 m|H
23.2| 57.760 ohm| 71.702 deg| 18.134 ohm| 54.840 ohm| 376.629 m|H
23.3| 59.450 ohm| 71.560 deg| 18.805 ohm| 56.397 ohm| 385.844 m|H
23.4| 61.674 ohm| 71.225 deg| 19.850 ohm| 58.393 ohm| 397.195 m|H
23.4| 62.189 ohm| 71.026 deg| 20.219 ohm| 58.810 ohm| 399.271 m|H
23.5| 64.069 ohm| 70.877 deg| 20.989 ohm| 60.533 ohm| 409.383 m|H
23.7| 66.615 ohm| 70.447 deg| 22.295 ohm| 62.773 ohm| 422.090 m|H
23.7| 67.276 ohm| 70.184 deg| 22.807 ohm| 63.292 ohm| 424.784 m|H
23.8| 69.482 ohm| 69.968 deg| 23.800 ohm| 65.278 ohm| 436.408 m|H
23.9| 72.571 ohm| 69.450 deg| 25.474 ohm| 67.953 ohm| 451.673 m|H
24.0| 73.325 ohm| 69.124 deg| 26.129 ohm| 68.511 ohm| 454.547 m|H
24.1| 75.968 ohm| 68.870 deg| 27.386 ohm| 70.860 ohm| 468.287 m|H
24.2| 79.677 ohm| 68.126 deg| 29.685 ohm| 73.941 ohm| 485.831 m|H
24.3| 80.541 ohm| 67.771 deg| 30.469 ohm| 74.556 ohm| 488.989 m|H
24.4| 83.938 ohm| 67.403 deg| 32.253 ohm| 77.494 ohm| 506.250 m|H
24.5| 88.636 ohm| 66.393 deg| 35.495 ohm| 81.218 ohm| 527.525 m|H
24.5| 89.537 ohm| 66.010 deg| 36.404 ohm| 81.803 ohm| 530.377 m|H
24.6| 93.718 ohm| 65.378 deg| 39.045 ohm| 85.197 ohm| 550.183 m|H
24.8| 99.548 ohm| 64.081 deg| 43.512 ohm| 89.535 ohm| 574.864 m|H
24.8| 100.719 ohm| 63.531 deg| 44.891 ohm| 90.161 ohm| 577.880 m|H
24.9| 106.429 ohm| 62.503 deg| 49.139 ohm| 94.406 ohm| 602.654 m|H
25.1| 114.231 ohm| 60.590 deg| 56.094 ohm| 99.509 ohm| 631.573 m|H
25.1| 115.203 ohm| 60.101 deg| 57.425 ohm| 99.870 ohm| 632.780 m|H
25.2| 123.512 ohm| 58.205 deg| 65.077 ohm| 104.977 ohm| 662.440 m|H
25.4| 134.529 ohm| 54.829 deg| 77.490 ohm| 109.969 ohm| 689.946 m|H
25.4| 134.200 ohm| 55.084 deg| 76.814 ohm| 110.043 ohm| 689.254 m|H
25.7| 159.665 ohm| 47.534 deg| 107.797 ohm| 117.782 ohm| 729.284 m|H
26.0| 190.561 ohm| 36.329 deg| 153.521 ohm| 112.893 ohm| 691.011 m|H
26.3| 219.989 ohm| 21.284 deg| 204.984 ohm| 79.855 ohm| 483.194 m|H
26.6| 238.439 ohm| 4.214 deg| 237.794 ohm| 17.521 ohm| 104.809 m|H
26.6| 236.611 ohm| 4.552 deg| 235.865 ohm| 18.780 ohm| 112.334 m|H
26.7| 240.702 ohm| 119.883 mdeg| 240.701 ohm| 503.632 mohm| 3.004 m|H
26.7| 239.777 ohm| 173.941 mdeg| 239.776 ohm| 727.924 mohm| 4.342 m|H
26.7| 240.921 ohm|-869.102 mdeg| 240.893 ohm| 3.654 ohm| 1.631 m|C
26.7| 240.622 ohm| -1.833 deg| 240.499 ohm| 7.697 ohm| 773.789 u|C
26.8| 239.882 ohm| -3.753 deg| 239.368 ohm| 15.701 ohm| 378.804 u|C
26.8| 238.991 ohm| -3.658 deg| 238.504 ohm| 15.249 ohm| 390.023 u|C
26.9| 234.976 ohm| -11.146 deg| 230.544 ohm| 45.424 ohm| 130.176 u|C
28.0| 171.351 ohm| -47.190 deg| 116.446 ohm| 125.704 ohm| 45.157 u|C
28.4| 151.901 ohm| -53.418 deg| 90.529 ohm| 121.976 ohm| 46.005 u|C
28.7| 134.188 ohm| -58.135 deg| 70.840 ohm| 113.966 ohm| 48.675 u|C
29.0| 119.283 ohm| -61.919 deg| 56.149 ohm| 105.241 ohm| 52.107 u|C
29.4| 106.556 ohm| -64.879 deg| 45.237 ohm| 96.477 ohm| 56.189 u|C
29.7| 95.847 ohm| -67.156 deg| 37.210 ohm| 88.329 ohm| 60.670 u|C
30.0| 86.788 ohm| -68.806 deg| 31.376 ohm| 80.918 ohm| 65.469 u|C
30.4| 79.037 ohm| -70.239 deg| 26.722 ohm| 74.382 ohm| 70.406 u|C
30.7| 72.439 ohm| -71.283 deg| 23.245 ohm| 68.608 ohm| 75.458 u|C
31.1| 66.680 ohm| -72.089 deg| 20.507 ohm| 63.449 ohm| 80.660 u|C
31.5| 61.778 ohm| -72.661 deg| 18.412 ohm| 58.971 ohm| 85.791 u|C
31.8| 57.430 ohm| -73.129 deg| 16.667 ohm| 54.959 ohm| 91.000 u|C
32.2| 53.595 ohm| -73.478 deg| 15.242 ohm| 51.382 ohm| 96.221 u|C
32.6| 50.335 ohm| -73.754 deg| 14.082 ohm| 48.326 ohm| 101.135 u|C
32.9| 47.312 ohm| -73.892 deg| 13.127 ohm| 45.454 ohm| 106.293 u|C
33.3| 44.656 ohm| -73.979 deg| 12.325 ohm| 42.922 ohm| 111.276 u|C
33.7| 42.246 ohm| -74.000 deg| 11.644 ohm| 40.609 ohm| 116.266 u|C
34.1| 40.156 ohm| -73.851 deg| 11.169 ohm| 38.572 ohm| 121.007 u|C
34.5| 38.230 ohm| -73.811 deg| 10.659 ohm| 36.714 ohm| 125.674 u|C
34.7| 37.330 ohm| -73.818 deg| 10.403 ohm| 35.851 ohm| 127.962 u|C
34.8| 36.900 ohm| -73.778 deg| 10.308 ohm| 35.431 ohm| 129.108 u|C
34.8| 36.696 ohm| -73.774 deg| 10.254 ohm| 35.234 ohm| 129.643 u|C
34.9| 36.601 ohm| -73.780 deg| 10.224 ohm| 35.144 ohm| 129.880 u|C
34.9| 36.598 ohm| -73.792 deg| 10.215 ohm| 35.143 ohm| 129.883 u|C
34.9| 36.496 ohm| -73.771 deg| 10.200 ohm| 35.042 ohm| 130.165 u|C
34.9| 36.474 ohm| -73.770 deg| 10.194 ohm| 35.021 ohm| 130.243 u|C
35.3| 34.960 ohm| -73.705 deg| 9.809 ohm| 33.556 ohm| 134.472 u|C
35.7| 33.465 ohm| -73.661 deg| 9.414 ohm| 32.114 ohm| 138.900 u|C
36.1| 32.020 ohm| -73.591 deg| 9.045 ohm| 30.715 ohm| 143.562 u|C
36.5| 30.681 ohm| -73.462 deg| 8.733 ohm| 29.412 ohm| 148.210 u|C
36.9| 29.443 ohm| -73.268 deg| 8.476 ohm| 28.197 ohm| 152.826 u|C
37.4| 28.309 ohm| -73.034 deg| 8.261 ohm| 27.077 ohm| 157.323 u|C
37.8| 27.224 ohm| -72.742 deg| 8.077 ohm| 25.998 ohm| 161.977 u|C
38.2| 26.224 ohm| -72.473 deg| 7.898 ohm| 25.007 ohm| 166.469 u|C
38.7| 25.320 ohm| -72.143 deg| 7.764 ohm| 24.100 ohm| 170.757 u|C
39.1| 24.440 ohm| -71.839 deg| 7.618 ohm| 23.223 ohm| 175.179 u|C
39.6| 23.628 ohm| -71.519 deg| 7.490 ohm| 22.409 ohm| 179.461 u|C
40.0| 22.852 ohm| -71.128 deg| 7.392 ohm| 21.623 ohm| 183.853 u|C
40.5| 22.129 ohm| -70.756 deg| 7.293 ohm| 20.892 ohm| 188.109 u|C
41.0| 21.454 ohm| -70.341 deg| 7.217 ohm| 20.203 ohm| 192.300 u|C
41.4| 20.798 ohm| -69.926 deg| 7.139 ohm| 19.535 ohm| 196.602 u|C
41.9| 20.193 ohm| -69.495 deg| 7.073 ohm| 18.913 ohm| 200.738 u|C
42.4| 19.621 ohm| -69.036 deg| 7.020 ohm| 18.322 ohm| 204.843 u|C
42.9| 19.072 ohm| -68.567 deg| 6.969 ohm| 17.753 ohm| 208.992 u|C
43.4| 18.556 ohm| -68.072 deg| 6.930 ohm| 17.214 ohm| 213.066 u|C
43.9| 18.067 ohm| -67.602 deg| 6.884 ohm| 16.704 ohm| 217.062 u|C
44.4| 17.603 ohm| -67.099 deg| 6.850 ohm| 16.216 ohm| 221.032 u|C
44.9| 17.167 ohm| -66.579 deg| 6.824 ohm| 15.753 ohm| 224.924 u|C
45.4| 16.750 ohm| -66.086 deg| 6.790 ohm| 15.312 ohm| 228.746 u|C
46.0| 16.357 ohm| -65.576 deg| 6.764 ohm| 14.893 ohm| 232.487 u|C
46.5| 15.982 ohm| -65.077 deg| 6.735 ohm| 14.493 ohm| 236.171 u|C
47.0| 15.619 ohm| -64.598 deg| 6.700 ohm| 14.108 ohm| 239.836 u|C
47.6| 15.264 ohm| -64.091 deg| 6.669 ohm| 13.730 ohm| 243.631 u|C
48.1| 14.928 ohm| -63.578 deg| 6.642 ohm| 13.368 ohm| 247.354 u|C
48.7| 14.608 ohm| -63.077 deg| 6.615 ohm| 13.025 ohm| 250.966 u|C
49.3| 14.293 ohm| -62.605 deg| 6.576 ohm| 12.690 ohm| 254.649 u|C
49.8| 13.978 ohm| -62.096 deg| 6.541 ohm| 12.353 ohm| 258.604 u|C
50.4| 13.674 ohm| -61.542 deg| 6.516 ohm| 12.022 ohm| 262.683 u|C
51.0| 13.382 ohm| -60.955 deg| 6.497 ohm| 11.699 ohm| 266.829 u|C
51.6| 13.105 ohm| -60.342 deg| 6.484 ohm| 11.388 ohm| 270.987 u|C
52.2| 12.839 ohm| -59.716 deg| 6.475 ohm| 11.087 ohm| 275.158 u|C
52.8| 12.585 ohm| -59.069 deg| 6.469 ohm| 10.796 ohm| 279.349 u|C
53.4| 12.344 ohm| -58.402 deg| 6.468 ohm| 10.514 ohm| 283.551 u|C
54.0| 12.113 ohm| -57.728 deg| 6.467 ohm| 10.241 ohm| 287.761 u|C
54.6| 11.891 ohm| -57.041 deg| 6.469 ohm| 9.978 ohm| 291.989 u|C
55.3| 11.680 ohm| -56.327 deg| 6.476 ohm| 9.720 ohm| 296.299 u|C
55.9| 11.477 ohm| -55.570 deg| 6.489 ohm| 9.466 ohm| 300.765 u|C
56.5| 11.289 ohm| -54.787 deg| 6.510 ohm| 9.224 ohm| 305.139 u|C
57.2| 11.129 ohm| -54.037 deg| 6.536 ohm| 9.008 ohm| 308.876 u|C
57.9| 10.984 ohm| -53.274 deg| 6.569 ohm| 8.804 ohm| 312.404 u|C
58.5| 10.851 ohm| -52.619 deg| 6.588 ohm| 8.622 ohm| 315.344 u|C
59.2| 10.724 ohm| -52.093 deg| 6.588 ohm| 8.461 ohm| 317.665 u|C
59.9| 10.581 ohm| -51.500 deg| 6.587 ohm| 8.281 ohm| 320.869 u|C
60.6| 10.442 ohm| -51.150 deg| 6.550 ohm| 8.132 ohm| 323.001 u|C
61.3| 10.279 ohm| -50.611 deg| 6.523 ohm| 7.944 ohm| 326.844 u|C
62.0| 10.116 ohm| -50.066 deg| 6.493 ohm| 7.757 ohm| 330.914 u|C
62.7| 9.955 ohm| -49.489 deg| 6.467 ohm| 7.568 ohm| 335.267 u|C
63.4| 9.799 ohm| -48.845 deg| 6.449 ohm| 7.378 ohm| 339.996 u|C
64.2| 9.655 ohm| -48.206 deg| 6.435 ohm| 7.198 ohm| 344.483 u|C
64.9| 9.508 ohm| -47.536 deg| 6.419 ohm| 7.014 ohm| 349.496 u|C
65.7| 9.366 ohm| -46.822 deg| 6.409 ohm| 6.830 ohm| 354.774 u|C
66.4| 9.231 ohm| -46.076 deg| 6.404 ohm| 6.649 ohm| 360.281 u|C
67.2| 9.107 ohm| -45.307 deg| 6.405 ohm| 6.474 ohm| 365.793 u|C
68.0| 8.989 ohm| -44.539 deg| 6.407 ohm| 6.305 ohm| 371.281 u|C
68.8| 8.878 ohm| -43.786 deg| 6.409 ohm| 6.143 ohm| 376.715 u|C
69.6| 8.768 ohm| -43.028 deg| 6.410 ohm| 5.983 ohm| 382.358 u|C
70.4| 8.664 ohm| -42.266 deg| 6.411 ohm| 5.827 ohm| 388.106 u|C
71.2| 8.564 ohm| -41.487 deg| 6.416 ohm| 5.673 ohm| 394.050 u|C
72.0| 8.467 ohm| -40.725 deg| 6.417 ohm| 5.524 ohm| 400.051 u|C
72.8| 8.375 ohm| -39.942 deg| 6.421 ohm| 5.377 ohm| 406.317 u|C
73.7| 8.285 ohm| -39.162 deg| 6.424 ohm| 5.232 ohm| 412.771 u|C
74.5| 8.198 ohm| -38.388 deg| 6.425 ohm| 5.091 ohm| 419.401 u|C
75.4| 8.112 ohm| -37.600 deg| 6.427 ohm| 4.949 ohm| 426.421 u|C
76.3| 8.030 ohm| -36.804 deg| 6.429 ohm| 4.810 ohm| 433.733 u|C
77.2| 7.951 ohm| -36.000 deg| 6.433 ohm| 4.674 ohm| 441.312 u|C
78.1| 7.876 ohm| -35.174 deg| 6.438 ohm| 4.537 ohm| 449.359 u|C
79.0| 7.805 ohm| -34.349 deg| 6.444 ohm| 4.404 ohm| 457.652 u|C
79.9| 7.740 ohm| -33.538 deg| 6.451 ohm| 4.276 ohm| 465.955 u|C
80.8| 7.677 ohm| -32.734 deg| 6.457 ohm| 4.151 ohm| 474.509 u|C
81.7| 7.614 ohm| -31.930 deg| 6.462 ohm| 4.027 ohm| 483.503 u|C
82.7| 7.553 ohm| -31.128 deg| 6.465 ohm| 3.904 ohm| 493.002 u|C
83.6| 7.493 ohm| -30.319 deg| 6.468 ohm| 3.783 ohm| 503.044 u|C
84.6| 7.439 ohm| -29.550 deg| 6.471 ohm| 3.669 ohm| 512.718 u|C
85.6| 7.380 ohm| -28.721 deg| 6.472 ohm| 3.547 ohm| 524.301 u|C
86.6| 7.325 ohm| -27.888 deg| 6.475 ohm| 3.426 ohm| 536.482 u|C
87.6| 7.273 ohm| -27.042 deg| 6.478 ohm| 3.307 ohm| 549.526 u|C
88.6| 7.224 ohm| -26.190 deg| 6.482 ohm| 3.188 ohm| 563.452 u|C
89.6| 7.178 ohm| -25.320 deg| 6.488 ohm| 3.070 ohm| 578.462 u|C
90.7| 7.137 ohm| -24.458 deg| 6.497 ohm| 2.955 ohm| 594.076 u|C
91.7| 7.098 ohm| -23.626 deg| 6.503 ohm| 2.845 ohm| 610.066 u|C
92.8| 7.058 ohm| -22.764 deg| 6.508 ohm| 2.731 ohm| 628.180 u|C
93.8| 7.022 ohm| -21.907 deg| 6.515 ohm| 2.620 ohm| 647.287 u|C
94.9| 6.985 ohm| -21.043 deg| 6.520 ohm| 2.508 ohm| 668.362 u|C
96.0| 6.953 ohm| -20.164 deg| 6.527 ohm| 2.397 ohm| 691.490 u|C
97.1| 6.925 ohm| -19.298 deg| 6.536 ohm| 2.289 ohm| 715.869 u|C
98.3| 6.897 ohm| -18.413 deg| 6.544 ohm| 2.179 ohm| 743.359 u|C
99.4| 6.873 ohm| -17.537 deg| 6.554 ohm| 2.071 ohm| 773.056 u|C
100.6| 6.852 ohm| -16.670 deg| 6.564 ohm| 1.966 ohm| 805.173 u|C
101.7| 6.834 ohm| -15.803 deg| 6.575 ohm| 1.861 ohm| 840.728 u|C
102.9| 6.817 ohm| -14.935 deg| 6.587 ohm| 1.757 ohm| 880.334 u|C
104.1| 6.803 ohm| -14.075 deg| 6.598 ohm| 1.654 ohm| 924.230 u|C
105.3| 6.791 ohm| -13.222 deg| 6.611 ohm| 1.553 ohm| 972.993 u|C
106.5| 6.780 ohm| -12.398 deg| 6.622 ohm| 1.456 ohm| 1.026 m|C
107.8| 6.771 ohm| -11.569 deg| 6.633 ohm| 1.358 ohm| 1.088 m|C
109.0| 6.761 ohm| -10.742 deg| 6.643 ohm| 1.260 ohm| 1.159 m|C
110.3| 6.753 ohm| -9.913 deg| 6.652 ohm| 1.163 ohm| 1.242 m|C
111.5| 6.749 ohm| -9.079 deg| 6.664 ohm| 1.065 ohm| 1.340 m|C
112.8| 6.741 ohm| -8.255 deg| 6.671 ohm| 967.813 mohm| 1.457 m|C
114.1| 6.737 ohm| -7.421 deg| 6.681 ohm| 870.087 mohm| 1.603 m|C
115.5| 6.735 ohm| -6.576 deg| 6.691 ohm| 771.342 mohm| 1.787 m|C
116.8| 6.737 ohm| -5.723 deg| 6.703 ohm| 671.730 mohm| 2.029 m|C
118.1| 6.742 ohm| -4.868 deg| 6.718 ohm| 572.201 mohm| 2.354 m|C
119.5| 6.755 ohm| -4.049 deg| 6.738 ohm| 477.008 mohm| 2.792 m|C
120.9| 6.765 ohm| -3.280 deg| 6.754 ohm| 387.087 mohm| 3.401 m|C
122.3| 6.771 ohm| -2.493 deg| 6.765 ohm| 294.567 mohm| 4.418 m|C
123.7| 6.782 ohm| -1.665 deg| 6.779 ohm| 197.093 mohm| 6.527 m|C
125.1| 6.801 ohm|-855.665 mdeg| 6.800 ohm| 101.563 mohm| 12.522 m|C
126.6| 6.824 ohm|-125.978 mdeg| 6.824 ohm| 15.003 mohm| 83.793 m|C
128.1| 6.839 ohm| 549.757 mdeg| 6.839 ohm| 65.619 mohm| 81.550 u|H
129.5| 6.847 ohm| 1.277 deg| 6.845 ohm| 152.577 mohm| 187.448 u|H
131.0| 6.860 ohm| 2.061 deg| 6.855 ohm| 246.675 mohm| 299.584 u|H
132.6| 6.880 ohm| 2.855 deg| 6.871 ohm| 342.621 mohm| 411.345 u|H
134.1| 6.907 ohm| 3.606 deg| 6.893 ohm| 434.387 mohm| 515.548 u|H
135.7| 6.933 ohm| 4.285 deg| 6.914 ohm| 518.040 mohm| 607.794 u|H
137.2| 6.952 ohm| 4.972 deg| 6.926 ohm| 602.564 mohm| 698.869 u|H
138.8| 6.973 ohm| 5.696 deg| 6.939 ohm| 692.124 mohm| 793.554 u|H
139.0| 6.975 ohm| 5.783 deg| 6.939 ohm| 702.851 mohm| 804.685 u|H
140.4| 6.997 ohm| 6.428 deg| 6.953 ohm| 783.355 mohm| 887.874 u|H
142.0| 7.025 ohm| 7.170 deg| 6.970 ohm| 876.750 mohm| 982.354 u|H
143.7| 7.057 ohm| 7.913 deg| 6.990 ohm| 971.611 mohm| 1.076 m|H
145.4| 7.096 ohm| 8.623 deg| 7.016 ohm| 1.064 ohm| 1.165 m|H
147.0| 7.136 ohm| 9.286 deg| 7.043 ohm| 1.152 ohm| 1.246 m|H
148.7| 7.177 ohm| 9.920 deg| 7.070 ohm| 1.236 ohm| 1.323 m|H
150.0| 7.249 ohm| 10.177 deg| 7.135 ohm| 1.281 ohm| 1.359 m|H
150.5| 7.219 ohm| 10.513 deg| 7.098 ohm| 1.317 ohm| 1.393 m|H
152.2| 7.259 ohm| 11.087 deg| 7.123 ohm| 1.396 ohm| 1.460 m|H
154.0| 7.297 ohm| 11.638 deg| 7.147 ohm| 1.472 ohm| 1.522 m|H
155.7| 7.334 ohm| 12.194 deg| 7.169 ohm| 1.549 ohm| 1.583 m|H
157.6| 7.371 ohm| 12.726 deg| 7.190 ohm| 1.624 ohm| 1.640 m|H
159.4| 7.407 ohm| 13.259 deg| 7.210 ohm| 1.699 ohm| 1.697 m|H
161.2| 7.441 ohm| 13.769 deg| 7.227 ohm| 1.771 ohm| 1.748 m|H
163.1| 7.468 ohm| 14.271 deg| 7.237 ohm| 1.841 ohm| 1.796 m|H
165.0| 7.489 ohm| 14.817 deg| 7.240 ohm| 1.915 ohm| 1.848 m|H
166.9| 7.511 ohm| 15.447 deg| 7.240 ohm| 2.001 ohm| 1.908 m|H
168.8| 7.541 ohm| 16.125 deg| 7.244 ohm| 2.094 ohm| 1.974 m|H
170.8| 7.578 ohm| 16.810 deg| 7.254 ohm| 2.192 ohm| 2.042 m|H
172.8| 7.621 ohm| 17.485 deg| 7.269 ohm| 2.290 ohm| 2.109 m|H
174.8| 7.669 ohm| 18.167 deg| 7.287 ohm| 2.391 ohm| 2.178 m|H
176.8| 7.725 ohm| 18.835 deg| 7.312 ohm| 2.494 ohm| 2.245 m|H
178.8| 7.781 ohm| 19.417 deg| 7.338 ohm| 2.587 ohm| 2.302 m|H
180.9| 7.834 ohm| 20.089 deg| 7.358 ohm| 2.691 ohm| 2.368 m|H
183.0| 7.903 ohm| 20.772 deg| 7.389 ohm| 2.803 ohm| 2.438 m|H
185.1| 7.985 ohm| 21.449 deg| 7.432 ohm| 2.920 ohm| 2.511 m|H
187.3| 8.092 ohm| 22.089 deg| 7.498 ohm| 3.043 ohm| 2.586 m|H
189.4| 8.226 ohm| 22.505 deg| 7.600 ohm| 3.149 ohm| 2.646 m|H
191.6| 8.354 ohm| 22.542 deg| 7.716 ohm| 3.203 ohm| 2.660 m|H
193.8| 8.446 ohm| 22.395 deg| 7.809 ohm| 3.218 ohm| 2.642 m|H
196.1| 8.494 ohm| 22.194 deg| 7.865 ohm| 3.209 ohm| 2.604 m|H
198.3| 8.512 ohm| 22.170 deg| 7.883 ohm| 3.212 ohm| 2.577 m|H
200.0| 8.266 ohm| 21.942 deg| 7.668 ohm| 3.089 ohm| 2.458 m|H
200.0| 8.529 ohm| 22.191 deg| 7.897 ohm| 3.221 ohm| 2.563 m|H
1000.0| 23.413 ohm| 47.290 deg| 15.881 ohm| 17.204 ohm| 2.738 m|H
;==================================================================
;==================================================================
Vas Delta Mass completed: Tue Dec 14 22:04:44 2010
Drive level 100.00% [3181.82 uA]
;------------------------------------------------------------------
Re = 5.5583 ohms
Fs = 26.7025 Hz
Zmax = 240.9208 ohms
Qes = 0.3010
Qms = 12.7440
Qts = 0.2940
Le = 2.7381 mH (at 1 kHz)
Diam = 397.9997 mm ( 15.6693 in )
Sd =124410.0034 mm^2(192.8359 in^2)
Vas = 443.4291 L ( 15.6596 ft^3)
BL = 23.3629 N/A
Mms = 176.1521 g
Cms = 201.6736 uM/N
Kms = 4958.5073 N/M
Rms = 2.3191 R mechanical
Efficiency = 2.6359 %
Sensitivity= 96.2272 dB @1W/1m
Sensitivity= 97.8087 dB @2.83Vrms/1m
Krm = 685.427E-06 ohms Freq dependent resistance
Erm = 1.098E+00 Rem=Krm*(2*pi*f)^Erm
Kxm = 36.388E-03 Henries Freq dependent reactance
Exm = 707.171E-03 Xem=Kxm*(2*pi*f)^Exm
;------------------------------------------------------------------
Ftest = 19.995 Hz
Ftest/Fms = 0.7488
Test Mass used = 138.0000 g (Equal to 27.6 nickels)
Test Mass (Ft=Fms*0.90) = 41.320 g (Add -96.680g for Ft=24.032)
Test Mass (Ft=Fms*0.75) = 137.007 g (Add -0.993g for Ft=20.027)
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Freq Impedance Phase Real Imag Series
; Hz Z=mag(R,I) Degrees Z*cos(P) Z*sin(P) L or C
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.0| 5.558 ohm| 0.000 deg| 5.558 ohm| 0.000 ohm| 0.000 |H
10.0| 11.142 ohm| 56.389 deg| 6.168 ohm| 9.279 ohm| 147.686 m|H
10.1| 11.277 ohm| 56.689 deg| 6.193 ohm| 9.424 ohm| 148.273 m|H
10.2| 11.426 ohm| 57.402 deg| 6.156 ohm| 9.626 ohm| 149.722 m|H
10.4| 11.595 ohm| 57.510 deg| 6.228 ohm| 9.780 ohm| 150.374 m|H
10.5| 11.727 ohm| 58.184 deg| 6.182 ohm| 9.965 ohm| 151.461 m|H
10.6| 11.921 ohm| 58.324 deg| 6.260 ohm| 10.145 ohm| 152.435 m|H
10.7| 12.125 ohm| 58.695 deg| 6.300 ohm| 10.360 ohm| 153.874 m|H
10.8| 12.293 ohm| 59.193 deg| 6.296 ohm| 10.558 ohm| 155.028 m|H
11.0| 12.511 ohm| 59.589 deg| 6.333 ohm| 10.790 ohm| 156.612 m|H
11.1| 12.700 ohm| 59.937 deg| 6.362 ohm| 10.991 ohm| 157.716 m|H
11.2| 12.914 ohm| 60.369 deg| 6.385 ohm| 11.225 ohm| 159.225 m|H
11.4| 13.103 ohm| 60.764 deg| 6.400 ohm| 11.434 ohm| 160.327 m|H
11.5| 13.361 ohm| 61.274 deg| 6.422 ohm| 11.717 ohm| 162.414 m|H
11.6| 13.603 ohm| 61.593 deg| 6.471 ohm| 11.965 ohm| 163.959 m|H
11.7| 13.838 ohm| 61.947 deg| 6.508 ohm| 12.212 ohm| 165.432 m|H
11.9| 14.082 ohm| 62.436 deg| 6.516 ohm| 12.484 ohm| 167.171 m|H
12.0| 14.354 ohm| 62.791 deg| 6.563 ohm| 12.766 ohm| 168.990 m|H
12.2| 14.651 ohm| 63.217 deg| 6.602 ohm| 13.079 ohm| 171.163 m|H
12.3| 14.967 ohm| 63.621 deg| 6.650 ohm| 13.408 ohm| 173.458 m|H
12.4| 15.250 ohm| 64.030 deg| 6.678 ohm| 13.710 ohm| 175.328 m|H
12.6| 15.574 ohm| 64.346 deg| 6.743 ohm| 14.039 ohm| 177.481 m|H
12.7| 15.937 ohm| 64.977 deg| 6.741 ohm| 14.441 ohm| 180.475 m|H
12.9| 16.310 ohm| 65.298 deg| 6.816 ohm| 14.817 ohm| 183.057 m|H
13.0| 16.656 ohm| 65.617 deg| 6.876 ohm| 15.170 ohm| 185.276 m|H
13.2| 17.081 ohm| 66.060 deg| 6.931 ohm| 15.611 ohm| 188.475 m|H
13.3| 17.493 ohm| 66.389 deg| 7.006 ohm| 16.028 ohm| 191.297 m|H
13.5| 17.951 ohm| 66.756 deg| 7.084 ohm| 16.494 ohm| 194.602 m|H
13.6| 18.418 ohm| 67.069 deg| 7.176 ohm| 16.963 ohm| 197.841 m|H
13.8| 18.957 ohm| 67.516 deg| 7.250 ohm| 17.516 ohm| 201.952 m|H
14.0| 19.491 ohm| 67.821 deg| 7.358 ohm| 18.049 ohm| 205.720 m|H
14.1| 20.051 ohm| 68.142 deg| 7.465 ohm| 18.610 ohm| 209.684 m|H
14.3| 20.659 ohm| 68.447 deg| 7.589 ohm| 19.214 ohm| 214.017 m|H
14.5| 21.327 ohm| 68.837 deg| 7.700 ohm| 19.889 ohm| 218.992 m|H
14.6| 22.029 ohm| 69.133 deg| 7.847 ohm| 20.584 ohm| 224.051 m|H
14.8| 22.783 ohm| 69.415 deg| 8.011 ohm| 21.329 ohm| 229.500 m|H
15.0| 23.587 ohm| 69.650 deg| 8.202 ohm| 22.115 ohm| 235.233 m|H
15.1| 24.428 ohm| 69.960 deg| 8.371 ohm| 22.949 ohm| 241.312 m|H
15.3| 25.429 ohm| 70.241 deg| 8.597 ohm| 23.932 ohm| 248.773 m|H
15.5| 26.448 ohm| 70.468 deg| 8.842 ohm| 24.926 ohm| 256.140 m|H
15.7| 27.615 ohm| 70.650 deg| 9.150 ohm| 26.055 ohm| 264.677 m|H
15.8| 28.895 ohm| 70.800 deg| 9.502 ohm| 27.288 ohm| 274.023 m|H
16.0| 30.226 ohm| 70.882 deg| 9.900 ohm| 28.559 ohm| 283.507 m|H
16.2| 31.759 ohm| 71.020 deg| 10.329 ohm| 30.032 ohm| 294.715 m|H
16.4| 33.446 ohm| 70.985 deg| 10.897 ohm| 31.621 ohm| 306.757 m|H
16.6| 35.305 ohm| 70.913 deg| 11.545 ohm| 33.364 ohm| 319.959 m|H
16.8| 37.467 ohm| 70.750 deg| 12.352 ohm| 35.372 ohm| 335.337 m|H
17.0| 39.936 ohm| 70.590 deg| 13.272 ohm| 37.666 ohm| 352.999 m|H
17.2| 42.773 ohm| 70.189 deg| 14.497 ohm| 40.241 ohm| 372.814 m|H
17.4| 45.998 ohm| 69.524 deg| 16.090 ohm| 43.092 ohm| 394.650 m|H
17.6| 49.691 ohm| 68.670 deg| 18.075 ohm| 46.287 ohm| 419.062 m|H
17.8| 53.870 ohm| 67.348 deg| 20.747 ohm| 49.715 ohm| 444.941 m|H
18.0| 58.857 ohm| 65.856 deg| 24.074 ohm| 53.708 ohm| 475.184 m|H
18.2| 64.559 ohm| 63.972 deg| 28.329 ohm| 58.011 ohm| 507.377 m|H
18.4| 71.431 ohm| 61.714 deg| 33.850 ohm| 62.901 ohm| 543.850 m|H
18.6| 80.344 ohm| 58.701 deg| 41.739 ohm| 68.651 ohm| 586.768 m|H
18.8| 91.019 ohm| 54.249 deg| 53.179 ohm| 73.868 ohm| 624.128 m|H
19.1| 103.665 ohm| 48.545 deg| 68.630 ohm| 77.694 ohm| 648.940 m|H
19.3| 118.017 ohm| 40.957 deg| 89.127 ohm| 77.359 ohm| 638.745 m|H
19.5| 134.450 ohm| 30.786 deg| 115.504 ohm| 68.815 ohm| 561.699 m|H
19.7| 150.207 ohm| 18.163 deg| 142.723 ohm| 46.822 ohm| 377.809 m|H
20.0| 163.057 ohm| 3.276 deg| 162.790 ohm| 9.318 ohm| 74.325 m|H
20.0| 161.247 ohm| 3.809 deg| 160.890 ohm| 10.713 ohm| 85.451 m|H
20.0| 164.196 ohm| 1.675 deg| 164.126 ohm| 4.800 ohm| 38.237 m|H
20.0| 164.577 ohm| 780.038 mdeg| 164.561 ohm| 2.241 ohm| 17.834 m|H
20.0| 164.106 ohm|-168.801 mdeg| 164.106 ohm| 483.478 mohm| 16.451 m|C
20.1| 164.369 ohm| -4.087 deg| 163.950 ohm| 11.716 ohm| 676.935 u|C
20.2| 163.438 ohm| -10.867 deg| 160.507 ohm| 30.813 ohm| 255.910 u|C
;==================================================================
;==================================================================
Box Measurement NOT complete
Drive level 100.00% [0.00 uA]
;------------------------------------------------------------------
Re = 6.9891 (box test)
flo = 0.0000, Zlo = 0.0000
fhi = 0.0000, Zhi = 0.0000
fm = 0.0000, Zmid = 0.0000
Fsb = 0.0000
Ha = 0.0000
Alpha = 1.0000
;-----------------------------
; Sealed Box Data
Re = 0.0000
Fbox = 0.0000
Flo = 0.0000
Fhi = 0.0000
Qbox = 0.0000
Qleak = 0.0000
Qmss = 0.0000 - Qms in sealed box
Qess = 0.0000 - Qes in sealed box
Qtss = 0.0000 - Qts in sealed box
Qtc = 0.0000 = Qts*Fbox/Fs
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Freq Impedance Phase Real Imag Series
; Hz Z=mag(R,I) Degrees Z*cos(P) Z*sin(P) L or C
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;==================================================================
;==================================================================
Arbitrary Sweep [1] NOT complete
Drive level 100.00% [0.00 uA]
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Freq Impedance Phase Real Imag Series
; Hz Z=mag(R,I) Degrees Z*cos(P) Z*sin(P) L or C
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.0| 5.558 ohm| 0.000 deg| 5.558 ohm| 0.000 ohm| 0.000 |H
10.0| 11.142 ohm| 56.389 deg| 6.168 ohm| 9.279 ohm| 147.686 m|H
10.1| 11.277 ohm| 56.689 deg| 6.193 ohm| 9.424 ohm| 148.273 m|H
10.2| 11.426 ohm| 57.402 deg| 6.156 ohm| 9.626 ohm| 149.722 m|H
10.4| 11.595 ohm| 57.510 deg| 6.228 ohm| 9.780 ohm| 150.374 m|H
10.5| 11.727 ohm| 58.184 deg| 6.182 ohm| 9.965 ohm| 151.461 m|H
10.6| 11.921 ohm| 58.324 deg| 6.260 ohm| 10.145 ohm| 152.435 m|H
10.7| 12.125 ohm| 58.695 deg| 6.300 ohm| 10.360 ohm| 153.874 m|H
10.8| 12.293 ohm| 59.193 deg| 6.296 ohm| 10.558 ohm| 155.028 m|H
11.0| 12.511 ohm| 59.589 deg| 6.333 ohm| 10.790 ohm| 156.612 m|H
11.1| 12.700 ohm| 59.937 deg| 6.362 ohm| 10.991 ohm| 157.716 m|H
11.2| 12.914 ohm| 60.369 deg| 6.385 ohm| 11.225 ohm| 159.225 m|H
11.4| 13.103 ohm| 60.764 deg| 6.400 ohm| 11.434 ohm| 160.327 m|H
11.5| 13.361 ohm| 61.274 deg| 6.422 ohm| 11.717 ohm| 162.414 m|H
11.6| 13.603 ohm| 61.593 deg| 6.471 ohm| 11.965 ohm| 163.959 m|H
11.7| 13.838 ohm| 61.947 deg| 6.508 ohm| 12.212 ohm| 165.432 m|H
11.9| 14.082 ohm| 62.436 deg| 6.516 ohm| 12.484 ohm| 167.171 m|H
12.0| 14.354 ohm| 62.791 deg| 6.563 ohm| 12.766 ohm| 168.990 m|H
12.2| 14.651 ohm| 63.217 deg| 6.602 ohm| 13.079 ohm| 171.163 m|H
12.3| 14.967 ohm| 63.621 deg| 6.650 ohm| 13.408 ohm| 173.458 m|H
12.4| 15.250 ohm| 64.030 deg| 6.678 ohm| 13.710 ohm| 175.328 m|H
12.6| 15.574 ohm| 64.346 deg| 6.743 ohm| 14.039 ohm| 177.481 m|H
12.7| 15.937 ohm| 64.977 deg| 6.741 ohm| 14.441 ohm| 180.475 m|H
12.9| 16.310 ohm| 65.298 deg| 6.816 ohm| 14.817 ohm| 183.057 m|H
13.0| 16.656 ohm| 65.617 deg| 6.876 ohm| 15.170 ohm| 185.276 m|H
13.2| 17.081 ohm| 66.060 deg| 6.931 ohm| 15.611 ohm| 188.475 m|H
13.3| 17.493 ohm| 66.389 deg| 7.006 ohm| 16.028 ohm| 191.297 m|H
13.5| 17.951 ohm| 66.756 deg| 7.084 ohm| 16.494 ohm| 194.602 m|H
13.6| 18.418 ohm| 67.069 deg| 7.176 ohm| 16.963 ohm| 197.841 m|H
13.8| 18.957 ohm| 67.516 deg| 7.250 ohm| 17.516 ohm| 201.952 m|H
14.0| 19.491 ohm| 67.821 deg| 7.358 ohm| 18.049 ohm| 205.720 m|H
14.1| 20.051 ohm| 68.142 deg| 7.465 ohm| 18.610 ohm| 209.684 m|H
14.3| 20.659 ohm| 68.447 deg| 7.589 ohm| 19.214 ohm| 214.017 m|H
14.5| 21.327 ohm| 68.837 deg| 7.700 ohm| 19.889 ohm| 218.992 m|H
14.6| 22.029 ohm| 69.133 deg| 7.847 ohm| 20.584 ohm| 224.051 m|H
14.8| 22.783 ohm| 69.415 deg| 8.011 ohm| 21.329 ohm| 229.500 m|H
15.0| 23.587 ohm| 69.650 deg| 8.202 ohm| 22.115 ohm| 235.233 m|H
15.1| 24.428 ohm| 69.960 deg| 8.371 ohm| 22.949 ohm| 241.312 m|H
15.3| 25.429 ohm| 70.241 deg| 8.597 ohm| 23.932 ohm| 248.773 m|H
15.5| 26.448 ohm| 70.468 deg| 8.842 ohm| 24.926 ohm| 256.140 m|H
15.7| 27.615 ohm| 70.650 deg| 9.150 ohm| 26.055 ohm| 264.677 m|H
15.8| 28.895 ohm| 70.800 deg| 9.502 ohm| 27.288 ohm| 274.023 m|H
16.0| 30.226 ohm| 70.882 deg| 9.900 ohm| 28.559 ohm| 283.507 m|H
16.2| 31.759 ohm| 71.020 deg| 10.329 ohm| 30.032 ohm| 294.715 m|H
16.4| 33.446 ohm| 70.985 deg| 10.897 ohm| 31.621 ohm| 306.757 m|H
16.6| 35.305 ohm| 70.913 deg| 11.545 ohm| 33.364 ohm| 319.959 m|H
16.8| 37.467 ohm| 70.750 deg| 12.352 ohm| 35.372 ohm| 335.337 m|H
17.0| 39.936 ohm| 70.590 deg| 13.272 ohm| 37.666 ohm| 352.999 m|H
17.2| 42.773 ohm| 70.189 deg| 14.497 ohm| 40.241 ohm| 372.814 m|H
17.4| 45.998 ohm| 69.524 deg| 16.090 ohm| 43.092 ohm| 394.650 m|H
17.6| 49.691 ohm| 68.670 deg| 18.075 ohm| 46.287 ohm| 419.062 m|H
17.8| 53.870 ohm| 67.348 deg| 20.747 ohm| 49.715 ohm| 444.941 m|H
18.0| 58.857 ohm| 65.856 deg| 24.074 ohm| 53.708 ohm| 475.184 m|H
18.2| 64.559 ohm| 63.972 deg| 28.329 ohm| 58.011 ohm| 507.377 m|H
18.4| 71.431 ohm| 61.714 deg| 33.850 ohm| 62.901 ohm| 543.850 m|H
18.6| 80.344 ohm| 58.701 deg| 41.739 ohm| 68.651 ohm| 586.768 m|H
18.8| 91.019 ohm| 54.249 deg| 53.179 ohm| 73.868 ohm| 624.128 m|H
19.1| 103.665 ohm| 48.545 deg| 68.630 ohm| 77.694 ohm| 648.940 m|H
19.3| 118.017 ohm| 40.957 deg| 89.127 ohm| 77.359 ohm| 638.745 m|H
19.5| 134.450 ohm| 30.786 deg| 115.504 ohm| 68.815 ohm| 561.699 m|H
19.7| 150.207 ohm| 18.163 deg| 142.723 ohm| 46.822 ohm| 377.809 m|H
20.0| 163.057 ohm| 3.276 deg| 162.790 ohm| 9.318 ohm| 74.325 m|H
20.0| 161.247 ohm| 3.809 deg| 160.890 ohm| 10.713 ohm| 85.451 m|H
20.0| 164.196 ohm| 1.675 deg| 164.126 ohm| 4.800 ohm| 38.237 m|H
20.0| 164.577 ohm| 780.038 mdeg| 164.561 ohm| 2.241 ohm| 17.834 m|H
20.0| 164.106 ohm|-168.801 mdeg| 164.106 ohm| 483.478 mohm| 16.451 m|C
20.1| 164.369 ohm| -4.087 deg| 163.950 ohm| 11.716 ohm| 676.935 u|C
20.2| 163.438 ohm| -10.867 deg| 160.507 ohm| 30.813 ohm| 255.910 u|C
;==================================================================
;==================================================================
Simulator Z/P data completed: Sun Jun 21 11:35:18 2009
Drive level 100.00% [1000.00 uA]
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Freq Impedance Phase Real Imag Series
; Hz Z=mag(R,I) Degrees Z*cos(P) Z*sin(P) L or C
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;==================================================================
;==================================================================
Simulator Z/P data completed: Sun Jun 21 11:35:18 2009
Drive level 100.00% [1000.00 uA]
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Freq Response Phase Real Imag
; Hz db(A/B) Degrees Z*cos(P) Z*sin(P)
;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;==================================================================
;==================================================================
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Power Compression Test: Date:Wed Dec 31 19:00:00 1969
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Constants from baseline low level test
; Re = 5.5583 ohms Mms = 176.1521 grams
; Diam= 397.9997 mm Sd = 124410.0034 m^2
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;
; High power [ 0: 0] ;
; Idrive Vdrive Fs Qes Qms Qts Vas BL Cms Kms Rms PctEff Zmax Xmm ;
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Low power [ 0: 0] ;
; Idrive Vdrive Fs Qes Qms Qts Vas BL Cms Kms Rms PctEff Zmax Xmm ;
;---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------;I am not familiar with the Woofer Tester ASCII export format, but if it is something commonly used and you can point me to a definition of the format I can add it to the next version. Looking at the Woofer Tester user’s guide, it can export in ZMA format which should work just fine.
However, there may be an issue with the data itself. I grabbed the first section of data from the example file you posted, created a space delimited data file(attached), and plotted it. You can see that it only contains high resolution data between about 10 Hz and 200Hz. To work properly, the Semi-Le spreadsheet really needs data defined over a broader range, especially the upper range which should extend to 10kHz. I’m not sure if this would generally be included in the ZMA export file, or if there are options to have it export higher resolution data over the whole frequency range.
However, there may be an issue with the data itself. I grabbed the first section of data from the example file you posted, created a space delimited data file(attached), and plotted it. You can see that it only contains high resolution data between about 10 Hz and 200Hz. To work properly, the Semi-Le spreadsheet really needs data defined over a broader range, especially the upper range which should extend to 10kHz. I’m not sure if this would generally be included in the ZMA export file, or if there are options to have it export higher resolution data over the whole frequency range.
Attachments
Last edited:
The Smith&Larson woofer tester can give you a FRD output over the full 20 to 20K sweep range. You just have to save it. Something that I will be doing from now on!
Yes, I have chosen unwisely in not at least saving the native .woo files for my measurements. I can generate space delimited FRD's for any new measurements. 🙄
To woo or not to woo, there really is no question.
Going to be my go to method from now on as well. Every measurement gets a woo file.
I have some, but not many.
Evil bolserst. Go ahead and make real progress and force me to adapt!
Going to be my go to method from now on as well. Every measurement gets a woo file.
I have some, but not many.
Evil bolserst. Go ahead and make real progress and force me to adapt!
One has to take care with the .woo else you end up with 3" driver data files with 150l Vas, 200-300g Mms, and 20 points of impedance data. 🙁
I do what I can 😀
I have been in touch with Claus Futtrup, co-author of the AES papers on Semi-inductance model. He has a nice personal web page with some background and history of the development of the Semi-inductance model as well as the FDD(Frequency Dependent Damping) model. Scientific papers
Speaking of the FDD model, I hope to have V3 of the spreadsheet released by the end of the year which will add the FDD parameter calculations and Hornresp export. So if anybody has noticed any bugs or has suggestions for improvements, let me know and I will try and roll them in at the same time.
Also, it was brought to my attention that VituixCAD and the latest version of SoundEasy both support the Semi-inductance model for enclosure design.
Attachments
Thanks for sharing the link.
That paper is Reference [3] on the notes tab of the spreadsheet.
There may be some people interested in learning more about the Semi-Inductance and/or Frequency Dependent Damping model but don't have the software required to open the spreadsheet. Here is *.pdf file containing the books and papers I referred to when developing the spreadsheet. Links are included and many are available for free download.
That paper is Reference [3] on the notes tab of the spreadsheet.
There may be some people interested in learning more about the Semi-Inductance and/or Frequency Dependent Damping model but don't have the software required to open the spreadsheet. Here is *.pdf file containing the books and papers I referred to when developing the spreadsheet. Links are included and many are available for free download.
Dear all,
I recently purchased the Dayton Audio DATS V2.
Hoping that this tool has a way to export to a file format that the semi-Le calc workbook can utilise?
Any how-to assistance for this noob highly appreciated.
Cheers.
I recently purchased the Dayton Audio DATS V2.
Hoping that this tool has a way to export to a file format that the semi-Le calc workbook can utilise?
Any how-to assistance for this noob highly appreciated.
Cheers.
The Dayton Audio DATS V2 has option to export as *.zma file which can be read into the semi-Le calc workbook as a space delimited data file.
The workbook includes a [Directions] tab which has step by step instructions as well as descriptions of the different parameters and plots. Once you have acquired your impedance data, let me know if you have any issues reading the files in or using the spreadsheet to determine the semi-Le model parameters.
The workbook includes a [Directions] tab which has step by step instructions as well as descriptions of the different parameters and plots. Once you have acquired your impedance data, let me know if you have any issues reading the files in or using the spreadsheet to determine the semi-Le model parameters.
Attachments
I tried this in open office but was unable to import a .zma file due to I guess an faulty or missing implementation of a function call (I can screenshot the exact error later if of interest). What software is needed to run the workbook?
